Aapani Yojna A Success Story of RWS Management Hyperlinked

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Aapani Yojna- A Success Story of Rural Water
Supply Management DC Bhardwaj
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Diverse Conditions I

• Largest state of the country having 10.41
  countrys area 5.5 of population
• 75 population live in rural areas
• Scanty erratic rainfall, annual average 531mm
• Frequently occurring drought conditions
• 1.16 of countrys surface water 1.7 Ground
  water Resources
• Gross annual draft of Ground water 13 BCM against
  recharge of 10.4 BCM
• Out of 237 blocks, only 32 are safe for Ground
  water exploitation
• High dependability on ground water (gt 90 schemes)

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Diverse Conditions- II

• Present Stage of overall Ground Water
  exploitation is 125
• Only 43 of the ground water sources have potable
  water
• Increased reliance on Groundwater caused
  unbearable stress on Groundwater sources which
  led to their fast depletion and deterioration of
  water quality
• Number of safe blocks dropped down from 203 to 32
  during last two decade
• Ground water sources are practically non
  sustainable and unreliable
• Indira Gandhi Canal System Chambal river are
  the only perennial surface water sources

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Water Supply Scenario Prior to Aapani Yojna- I

• Most of the villages were covered through long
  regional schemes based on infrastructure created
  under Gandheli- Sahwa project from INGP System
• Some village schemes were based on ground water
  sources wherever the quality was acceptable.
• Power supply was erratic, more so during summer
• Long pumping main often needed leakage repairs
• Communication facilities were scarce, as such,
  information flow was slow down time was high

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Water Supply Scenario Prior to Aapani Yojna-
II

• Un-equitable distribution of water
• Heavy water losses
• High OM Costs
• Water Supply was free of cost
• Long chain of villages on single pumping main
  deprived down stream villages if fault occurred
  in the head reach
• Water transportation was recurring phenomenon
• Consumers were grossly unsatisfied and apathetic
  to safety of WS infrastructure
• Water supply was unreliable

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Aapani Yojna

• The Project area is desert with scanty rainfall
• No natural surface water sources
• Quality of ground water mostly un-potable with
  high TDS, Salinity, Fluoride and Nitrate contents
• Covers habitations situated in 2 Northern
  districts- Churu and Hanumangarh covering an area
  of 7500 Sq km
• Conceptualization feasibility study in 1991-93
• Ph-I Sanctioned in 1994 with KfW assistance
• Aimed mostly at rehabilitation of WS in already
  covered villages

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Project Detail
Technical Measures 85, IEC 5,Consultancy 10
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Institutional Set up for Project implementation

• Project execution was through dedicated teams of
• Project Management Cell (PMC)- Headed by
  independent Chief Engineer- For Technical
  Measures
• Community Participation Unit (CPU)- Consortium of
  5 NGOs headed by Programme Director- For
  Complimentary Measure
• Consultancy to support PMC CPU activities-
  Consortium of Indo-German Firms headed by Chief
  Consultant

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Technical Measures
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Special Measures

• Dedicated Power Grid 33kV-283 km Each Pump
  house connected from two directions
• Voice Communication System- All installations
  Offices are connected
• Cluster distribution 42 Clusters, Star system,
  Central ESR, Supply in villages through PSPs/
  CWTs
• Metered supply
• Inbuilt IEC Works through Community Participation
  Unit
• Supply governed by mutual agreement between
  Village Water Health Committee and PHED

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Complimentary Measures

• CPU commenced well in advance of Technical
  Measures
• Village level Water and Health Committees (WHCs)
  were formed by Gram Sabha.
• WHCs were involved in the site selection of PSPs
  and CWTs.
• WHC arranged voluntary labour for trench
  excavation inside village for pipe laying
• OM of intra-village installations by WHC
• WHCs collect money from villagers and deposit it
  with PMC.
• Pani Panchayats, Women Groups Self Help Groups
  formed for capacity building of consumers
• CPU activities preceded succeeded the PMC
  activities

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Project Sustainability

• Reliable surface water source
• Reliable power availability Dedicated Power Grid
• Reliable conveyance system DI/ uPVC rubber
  gasket jointed pipes
• Supply through ESRs by Star System
• Demand Management Low per capita demand,
  Consumers pay for water used
• Supply Management Low wastage, PSP/CWT
• Strong input of IEC inculcating ownership spirit
  Better care of the system

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Service Delivery

• 24/7 water supply in Rural area
• Adequate pressure ( not less than 7 m) at highest
  point in village
• Minimum UfW (about 10)
• Controlled demand
• Better service Satisfied consumers
• Consumers maintain intra-village system

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What accounted for Success

• Project addressed the felt need
• Technically sound design
• Sustainability was major criteria
• Close supervision during execution
• Participatory Approach
• Involvement of beneficiaries
• Inculcation of Ownership spirit
• Payment for water consumed

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OM Status

• OM outsourced
• Water produced 40 MCM/ annum
• OM expenditure Rs. 17.80 Crs/annum
• Revenue Rs. 3.40 Crs/ annum
• Cost of water Rs. 5.60/KL
• Rate of Return 20

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Project outcome

• Water Supply Service delivery improved in 361
  villages 2 towns
• WS Distribution Management system established
  through community participation
• Community Capacity Building In 362 villages,
  WHCs formed which act as nucleus of development
• 42 Cluster level Pani Panchayats formed to take
  up inter-villages issues independently
• 318 Women Groups 222 Self Help Groups set up
  for empowering women taking up income
  generation activities
• 22384 Sanitation units, 1027 Soak pits
  constructed with cost sharing between Aapani
  Yojna, GoR Community

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Way Ahead- I

• Replication 45 Major projects with envisaged
  coverage of 47 towns and 16085 habitations have
  been sanctioned on Aapani Yojna pattern
• Strengthening OM Setting up of Aapani Yojna
  Governing Body comprising of PMC, GoR, Distt
  Administration, NGO, Pani Panchayat members with
  ultimate proposed objective of setting up
  autonomous Aapani Yojna WS Utility
• Tariff revision for sustainability It is
  proposed to increase tariff progressively to
  recover 100 OM cost and to make Aapani Yojna
  self reliant

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Way Ahead -II

• Revival of Traditional Sources In 64 villages,
  Traditional sources (Rain Water Harvesting
  Structures) have been rejuvenated by dovetailing
  with other programmes. It has reduced stress on
  piped water supply. These measures are proposed
  to be scaled up.
• Conservation of water It is proposed to reuse
  the Waste Water (80 of supplied water) for
  multiple works to reduce demand of fresh water
• Ultimate proposed aim is optimal utilisation of
  local water first and to depend on piped water
  for the balance requirement

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Thank You
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Clear Water Reservoir Palloo
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Raw Water Reservoir Dhannasar
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Treatment Plant Dhannasar
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Treatment Plant Karamsana
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1100 PSCC Pipe Laying
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Elevated Service Reservoir
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Sahwa Lift Canal
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Sanitation Unit
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Public Stand Post
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Cattle Water Trough
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Cluster Pump House Taranagar
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Cluster Pump House
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Cluster Distribution
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Village Distribution
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Rate of Water Consumption
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Water rates with Full Partial Cost Recovery
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Aapani Yojna Tariff Subsidy Reduction Over
Time