Organism Classification

1
Organism Classification

• The organization of species

2
Vocabulary

• Taxonomy is the practice and science of taxonomic
  classification. (Greek taxis order, nomos
  law or science)
• Phylogeny is the evolutionary relatedness among
  various groups of organisms (Greek phylon
  tribe, from genesis birth)
• Kingdom is the top-level taxon of organisms in
  scientific classification

3
The 6-Kingdom System

• It is based mainly on differences in nutrition
  Plantae were mostly multicellular autotrophs,
  Animalia multicellular heterotrophs, and Fungi
  multicellular saprotrophs
• Protista and Eubacteria (Monera), include
  unicellular and simple cellular colonies
• Archaebacteria are unicellular, primitive, and
  live in extreme environments

4
A Phylogenetic Tree
5
Kingdom Eubacteria

• Prokaryotic cells
• Single cells or colonies
• Cell wall
• No membrane-bound organelles
• Asexual reproduction by binary fission
• Three basic shapes
• Spherical
• Rod-shaped
• Spiral