Metabolism

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Metabolism
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What is metabolism?

• Breaking down complex molecules (catabolism)
• Catabolism is an exergonic process
• Releases energy
• Energy is used to build different complex
  molecules
• Anabolism requires energy (endergonic process)

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Metabolism

• ATP delivers the energy from catabolic pathways
  to anabolic pathways

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How does ATP work?

• Adenosine triphosphate
• Adenosine adenine ribose sugar
• Triphosphate 3 phosphates
• Hydrolysis of terminal phosphate yields energy

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What happens to the phosphate group?

• Usually attached to another molecule
• Phosphorylation
• Energy released by hydrolysis of ATP is conserved
  in the new bond

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ATP
P
ADP
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Central Metabolic Pathway

• Catabolism of glucose
• Glucose is the most common sugar
• 3 pathways involved to convert glucose to ATP
• Glycolysis
• Krebs cycle
• Electron transport chain

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Glycolysis

• Breakdown of glucose to pyruvate
• Multistep process
• Energy is conserved as ATP and NADH
• Involves redox reactions

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Redox Reactions

• Reduction and oxidation are always coupled
  together
• Reduction electrons are lost from the molecule
• Oxidation electrons are gained by the molecule
• LEO says GER

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