Managing IT in an

1
CHAPTER 1

• Managing IT in an
• E-World

2
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY (HARDWARE SOFTWARE)
• PROCESSING STORING INFORMATION
• COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
• TRANSMITTING INFORMATION

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eWORLD

• ELECTRONIC WORLD
• USE OF WORLD WIDE WEB
• CHANGED RULES FOR SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS
• KEY INDICATOR OF BUSINESS HEALTH

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IS) ORGANIZATION

• ORGANIZATIONAL DEPARTMENT OR UNIT
• HAS PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY FOR MANAGING
  INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT)

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN AN eWORLD

• COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY Portable technology
• Examples
• COMPUTER SOFTWARE Software packages
• TELECOMMUNICATIONS/NETWORKING Global, mobile
  reach

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COMPETING IN AN eWORLD

• TRADITIONAL WAYS
• COST Low cost producer of good or service
• DIFFERENTIATION Enhancing perception of product
  or service
• STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (SIS) Sales
  information, just-in-time materials, better cash
  management

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COMPETING IN AN eWORLD

• NEW WAYS USING IT CAPABILITIES OF INTERNET
• COST EFFICIENCIES
• MASS CUSTOMIZATION
• GLOBAL REACH

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WORKING IN AN eWORLD

• KNOWLEDGE WORKERS Information knowledge are
  raw materials, as well as product of their work
• TELECOMMUTER Workers located outside regular
  offices, commute via telecommunications lines

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WORKING IN AN eWORLD

• TEAMWORK Empowered groups able to solve
  problems, make operational decisions using
  computer tools such as e-mail, groupware
• ANYTIME, ANYWHERE
• ACROSS ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDARIES
• VIRTUAL ORGANIZATIONS FREE AGENTS Temporary
  alliances between organizations individuals.
  Free agent has special IT skills, works as
  independent contractor free from organizational
  politics

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WORKING IN AN eWORLD

• SOCIAL IMPACTS
• JOBS Computers cost-efficient, superior at
  analyzing data, add to managers abilities to
  make decisions
• INDIVIDUAL PRIVACY Need to maintain privacy of
  employees, customers requires education about
  policies and monitoring practices
• E-mail usage
• External Web site usage

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WORKING IN AN eWORLD

• SOCIAL IMPACTS
• POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON SOCIETY
• Low unemployment rates
• Increased government tax surpluses
• Increasing gap between haves have nots
• Internet has brought access to information
  services to many
• Better healthcare

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ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION

• FIVE ERAS
• ACCOUNTING ERA (1950-1960s)
• OPERATIONAL ERA (mid 1960s)
• INFORMATION ERA (late 1970s-mid 1980s)
• NETWORK ERA (mid 1980s on)
• INTERNET ERA (mid 1990s on)

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ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION

• MANAGING IT ASSETS Technology, relationship,
  human assets. Assets capture, process, store,
  make available data to knowledge workers
• IT MANAGEMENT ROLES
• IT leaders (chief information officer).
• Other IS managers (for IS activities such as data
  centers, new applications, planning, implementing
  IT solutions).

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ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION

• IT MANAGEMENT ROLES
• Other IS professionals
• Programmers
• Software engineers
• Systems analysts
• Database developers
• Web developers
• Local area network administrators
• Technical support providers

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ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ORGANIZATION

• BUSINESS MANAGER User of IT to run business
  better. May serve as
• Member of IT steering committee
• Sponsor or owner of new project
• Process or functional expert on project team
• Participant in planning, executing rollout of new
  application

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END-USER

• BOTH IS AND NON-IS SPECIALISTS
• MUST BECOME IT-KNOWLEDGEABLE
• CAN BE MEMBERS OF IT PROJECT TEAMS
• EVALUATE APPLICATIONS FROM END-USER PERSPECTIVE

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CHAPTER 1

• Managing IT in an
• E-World

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Components of an Information System
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What You Need to Know

• Foundation Concepts Fundamental concepts about
  the components and roles of IS
• IT Major concepts, developments, and management
  issues in information technologies
• Business Applications The major uses of IS for
  the operations, management, and competitive
  advantage
• Development Processes How end users or
  information specialists develop and implement IS
• The challenges of effectively and ethically
  managing information technologies, strategies,
  and security at the end user, enterprise, and
  global levels of a business

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Major Roles of Information Systems
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History of the Role of IS
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Trends in ISs

• Data Processing 1950s -
• Transaction processing, record keeping,
  traditional accounting applications
• Management Reporting 1960s -
• MIS predefined management reports for
  decision-making purposes
• Decision Support 1970s -
• DSS interactive ad hoc support of the
  managerial decision-making process
• Strategic and End User Support 1980s -
• EUC, Executive Information Systems, Expert
  Systems, Strategic Information Systems
• Electronic Business and E-Commerce 1990s -

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Types of Information Systems
Expert Systems
Strategic Information Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Functional Business Systems
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Analyzing Lands End

• IS resources and activities in the Lands End
  E-commerce system