Blood and Freedom, 1863 1867

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CHAPTER 15

• Blood and Freedom, 1863 - 1867

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I. People at War Spring 1863

• Soldier life is harsh, with disease killing many
• Civilians on both sides begin to question reasons
  for war
• Lincolns critics become more vocal
• North begins to allow blacks to fight

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Black Soldiers in the Union Army
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II. The Battlefields of Summer 1863

• Grant moves on Vicksburg
• Lee is defeated at Gettysburg and Vicksburg falls
  to Grant
• Immigrant battle losses contribute to draft riots
  in New York City
• Grant takes command of eastern theater
• Lincolns Gettysburg Address ties war to
  liberation of blacks

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Vicksburg
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Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863
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Virginia, 1863
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III. The Winter of Discontent 1863 - 1864

• Political foes oppose both Lincoln and Davis
• Prison camps earn terrible reputations
• Grant takes control of entire Union army
• Southerner Andrew Johnson becomes Lincolns
  running mate in preparation for 1864 election
• Shermans March to Sea breaks will of South and
  assures Lincolns re-election

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Grant Against Lee in Virginia
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Battle of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania
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Campaign for Atlanta, May-September 1864
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Election of 1864
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IV. From War to Reconstruction 1865 - 1867

• Thirteenth Amendment is enacted
• War ends on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox
  Courthouse, and Lincoln is assassinated soon
  after
• War wreaks havoc with people, economy, and
  society
• Emancipation brings less than true freedom to
  blacks in South

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Territory of War
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• Major political goal of blacks in South becomes
  gaining vote
• Johnsons reconstruction plans upset many, as do
  implementation of black codes
• Radicals in Congress override Johnson and pass
  Fourteenth Amendment
• Reconstruction Act divides and occupies South
• Northerners head South to help blacks but
  maintain discrimination in own region

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