Title: 200506 National Family Health Survey NFHS3
12005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3)
2- Levels, trends differentials
- Determinants of fertility
- Fertility preferences and ideal family size
(c) 2001 Hugh Rigby/CCP, Courtesy of Photoshare
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
32.7
- At current fertility levels, a woman in India
will have an average of 2.7 children during her
lifetime - Urban women have attained replacement fertility
but rural women have on an average 0.9 children
more than urban women.
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
4Trends in Fertility by Residence
5Fertility Differentials and Trend by Caste and
Religion
Muslim fertility is decreasing faster than Hindu
fertility thus, Hindu-Muslim fertility
differentials are narrowing. Fertility of ST and
OBC women has remained unchanged.
6Just a Few Years of Education Leads to
Substantial Reduction in Fertility
- TFR of women with
- No education 3.6
- lt 5 years of education 2.5
- 12 years of education 1.8
- TFR of women from
- Lowest wealth quintile - 3.9
- Second lowest wealth quintile 3.2
- Highest wealth quintile 1.8
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
7Total Fertility Rates for States
INDIA
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
8States Classified by Level of TFR
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
9Fertility Decline in High Fertility States
Between NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 in most of the states
fertility declined.
10- Levels, trends differentials
- Determinants of fertility
- Fertility preferences and ideal family size
(c) 2001 Hugh Rigby/CCP, Courtesy of Photoshare
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
11Though, fertility in the 15-19 age group is
decreasing, still, a substantial proportion of
teenagers have begun childbearing.
- 12 of women 15-19 are already mothers
- 4 of women 15-19 are pregnant with their first
child - In total, 16 women 15-19 have begun
childbearing
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
12Teenage Fertility by Age
Percent who are pregnant or already mothers
Age
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
13Teenage Fertility by State
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
14Age at Marriage
Percentage of women age 20-24 married by age 18
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
15Initiation of Childbearing
- Median age at first birth for women age 25-49
- 19.8 (Total)
- 20.9 (Urban)
- 19.3 (Rural)
Median age at first birth increased by half a
year from 19.3 in NFHS-2
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
16State-Level Variation in Early Marriage of Women
and Teenage Fertility
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
17In most states, the proportion of women marrying
by age 18 is decreasing and median age at first
birth is increasing, but in a few states, the
reverse is happening.
- Since NFHS-2,
- In Arunachal Pradesh, Punjab, Mizoram, Sikkim,
Tripura and West Bengal, the percentage of women
age 20-24 married by age 18 has increased and - In Arunachal Pradesh, Punjab, Mizoram, and West
Bengal, the median age at first birth has
decreased
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
18Birth intervals
- In addition to their impact on fertility, birth
intervals may also affect the health of mothers
and their children - Birth intervals are also strongly associated
with child mortality - Children born too close to a previous birth
are at increased risk of health problems and of
dying at an early age
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
19Length of Birth Intervals
61 of non-first births occur less than 36
months after the preceding birth
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
20- Levels, trends differentials
- Determinants of fertility
- Fertility preferences and ideal family size
(c) 2001 Hugh Rigby/CCP, Courtesy of Photoshare
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
21Ideal Family Size and Composition
2.9
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.5
All persons
Ever-married women
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
22In the Majority of States, Ideal Family Size is
Below 2.5
- Ideal family size of women and men
- 2.5 to 2.9
- Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Arunachal Pradesh
Manipur - Ideal family size of women and men 3.0- 3.9
- Meghalaya, Mizoram Nagaland
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
23Two-Child Family is Becoming a Norm
Proportion of currently married women and men
who want no more children
Number of living children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
24Son Preference among Women and Men
Proportion of currently married women and men
having 2 living children and wanting no more
children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
25Son Preference Level and Trend
Proportion of currently married women having 2
living children and wanting no more children
26Son Preference by State
- In states with replacement and below
replacement-level fertility, son preference is
low, but exceptions are Punjab and Maharashtra - In states with TFR between 2.1 and 3 son
preference is lower, but exceptions are Haryana,
Uttaranchal, Jammu Kashmir, Orissa,
Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal
27Desire for No More Children by Number of Children
(Below Replacement Fertility states)
Proportion of currently married women having 2
living children and wanting no more children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
28Desire for No More Children by Number of Children
(Below Replacement Fertility states)
Proportion of currently married women having 2
living children and want no more children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
29Desire for No More Children by Number of Children
(States with 2.1lt TFR lt3.0)
Proportion of currently married women having 2
living children and wanting no more children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
30Desire for No More Children by Number of Children
(States with TFR gt3)
Proportion of currently married women having 2
living children and want no more children
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
31Wanted and Actual Fertility Rates
TFR
TFR
2.7
2.1
3.0
If unwanted fertility is averted, TFR will reach
replacement level
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
32Key Findings
- The Indian woman, on average, bears 2.7 children
in her lifetime - Urban India has reached replacement-level
fertility - Ten states, comprising 35 of Indias population,
have already reached replacement-level fertility
6 more states with 20 population are nearing
replacement-level fertility - Early initiation of childbearing and shorter
spacing of births are matters of concern
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
33Key Findings, contd.
- For most couples, a two-child family is the norm
- Son preference, though reducing, still persists
- Unwanted fertility forms a sizeable part of
actual fertility and averting that is the best
way to achieve replacement fertility
NFHS-3, India, 2005-06
34 35(No Transcript)