The Steps to World War I

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The Steps to World War I
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The Steps to World War I
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June 28, 1914
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir
to throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife at
Sarajevo, Bosnia. Austria blames Serbia.
Black Hands stated aim was
"To realize the national ideal, the unification
of all Serbs. This organisation prefers terrorist
action to cultural activities it will therefore
remain secret."
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July 2, 1914
Emperor Franz Josef (Austria) sends a letter to
Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany) asking for support.
Austria-Hungary has not been lacking in good will
and in the spirit of conciliation, to bring about
reasonably good relations with Serbia, but it has
just been shown that these efforts have been
completely impotent and that the Monarchy must
expect in the future to deal with the bitter,
irreconcilable and aggressive enmity of
Serbia. In these conditions the Monarchy must
tear away with a strong hand the net in which its
enemy seeks to entangle it.
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July 5, 1914
Germany sends a telegram indicating it would
honour its treaty obligations to support Austria
(known historically as the German blank cheque)

Finally, as far as concerns Serbia, His Majesty,
of course, cannot interfere in the dispute now
going on between Austria-Hungary and that
country, as it is a matter not within his
competence. The Emperor Francis Joseph may,
however, rest assured that His Majesty will
faithfully stand by Austria-Hungary, as is
required by the obligations of his alliance and
of his ancient friendship
Telegram from the Imperial Chancellor, von
Bethmann-Hollweg, to the German Ambassador at
Vienna. Tschirschky, July 6, 1914
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July 23, 1914
Austria delivers an ultimatum to Serbia,
demanding a response in 48 hours.
Wien, am 22. Juli,1914 Euer Hochwohlgeboren
wollen die nachfolgende Note am Donnerstag, den
23. Juli nachm., der königlichen Regierung
überreichenAm 31. März 1909 hat der königlich
serbische Gesandte am Wiener Hofe im Auftrage
seiner Regierung der k. und k. Regierung folgende
Erklärung abgegeben
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July 25, 1914
Serbia responds to the ultimatum by agreeing to
many, but not all, of the terms.
"Part of your demands we have accepted... For the
rest, we place our hopes on your loyalty and
chivalry as an Austrian general."Serbian Prime
Minister Nikola Pasic
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July 28, 1914
Austria sends a telegram to Serbia declaring war.
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July 30, 1914
Russia, in support of Serbia, proclaims a general
mobilization
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July 31, 1914
France, as Russias ally, also authorizes a full
mobilization
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August 1, 1914
Germany declares war on Russia
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August 3, 1914
Germany declares war on France
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August 2-4, 1914
Germany puts Schlieffen Plan into motion,
invading neutral Luxembourg and Belgium.
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August 4, 1914
Because of treaty agreements guaranteeing Belgian
neutrality, Great Britain, along with Australia
and Canada, declare war on Germany.
From a Canadian perspective, World War I had now
begun.
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1914 - 1917

• 1914 (Aug 5) Montenegro joins the Allied Powers
• 1914 (Aug. 23) Japan joins the Allied Powers
  by declaring war on Germany
• 1914 (Oct. 29) Turkey joins the Central Powers
• 1915 (May 23) Italy joins the Allied Powers
• 1915 (Oct. 14) Bulgaria joins the Central
  Powers
• 1916 (August 27) Romania joins the Allied
  Powers
• 1917 (Apr. 6) The United States joins the
  Allied Powers
• 1917 (Jun. 27) Greece joins the Allied Powers

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Countries Involved in World War I
PeruPortugalRomaniaRussiaSan
MarinoSerbiaSiamTurkeyUnited KingdomUnited
States of America a Uruguay
GermanyGreeceGuatemalaHaitiHondurasItalyJapa
nLiberiaMontenegroNew ZealandNicaragua Panama
AustraliaAustria-HungaryBelgiumBoliviaBrazilB
ulgariaCanadaChinaCosta RicaCubaEcuadorFranc
e
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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces for
  military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces
  for military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces for
  military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces for
  military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces for
  military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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Glossary

• Alliance - An association to further certain
  common interests of the members.
• Mobilization - To make ready or muster forces for
  military service.
• Neutral - Does not take sides, impartial.
• Schlieffen Plan - A strategy drawn up by Germany
  to avoid fighting a war on two fronts
• Treaty a legal agreement detailing a
  relationship between countries
• Ultimatum - Terms presented by one power (or
  group of powers) to another

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• Sources
• www.westernfront.co.uk
• www.worldwar1.com
• din-timelines.com
• www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk
• www.firstworldwar.com