The Cognitive Influence on Interactive Multimedia Design:

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The Cognitive Influence on Interactive Multimedia
Design Towards the Development of a
Computer-Based Instruction in Removable Partial
Denture
Ranier M. Adarve, DMD,MHPEd Graduate
Prosthodontics University of Minnesota
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The Cognitive Influence on Interactive Multimedia
Design Towards the Development of a
Computer-Based Instruction in Removable Partial
Denture
OVERVIEW

• Computer-Based Instruction
• Cognitive Psychology of Learning
• Design Guidelines

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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
CBI

• An accessible, interactive and flexible
• way of giving multimedia presentations
• that utilize textual materials, visuals,
• sounds and motions.

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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
CBI

• Development of PCs in 1981
• Extensively used in Education
• Computer-Aided Learning (CAL)
• Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI)

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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
CBI

• How effective is CBI in achieving educational
  outcomes?

?

• Does CBI/Multimedia influence Learning?

• Is CBI just a form of delivery of Instruction?

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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
CBI
Does it influence Learning?
Delivery of Instruction
TRUCK
Does it affect nutrition?
Delivery of Groceries
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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
Effective Computer-Based Instruction is based
on Principles of Learning
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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI)
Principles of Learning

• CONSTRUCTIVISM
• 1990-Present
• Constructed Knowledge
• Interpretation of reality
• Collaborative learning
• Simulations and
• Hypermedia

• BEHAVIORISM
• 1910-1960
• Behavioral objectives
• Observable constructs
• Mastery learning
• Drills and Tutorials

• COGNITIVISM
• 1970-1990
• Internal Processes
• Unobservable constructs
• Information-processing
• Tutorials and Tests

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Cognitive Psychology of Learning
Cognitivism
MULTIMEDIA DESIGN

• Perception and Attention
• Encoding of Information
• Memory
• Comprehension
• Active Learning
• Motivation
• Transfer of Learning
• Metacognition

• Process of Knowing
• Active engagement
• Unobservable Constructs

CBI
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Needs Analysis
School of Dentistry
Vertical Integration Horizontal Integration
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Computer-Based Instruction (CBI) in Removable
Partial Denture

• Supplement RPD Course
• 4 Modules
• WebCT
• CD-ROM and Website
• Macromedia Flash

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Design Guidelines
1MULTIMEDIA PRINCIPLE

• Use both Graphics and Text
• Graphics should be relevant rather than decorative

• Mentally making connections between pictorial and
  verbal representations

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Design Guidelines
2CONTIGUITY PRINCIPLE

• Graphics and Text should be placed in close
  proximity
• Avoid scrolling screens
• Avoid directions and feedbacks accessed from links

• Integrating text and graphics results from a
  reduced need for search

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Design Guidelines
3MODALITY PRINCIPLE

• Present Words as Audio Narration

• Overloading of Visual Channel

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Design Guidelines
4REDUNDANCY PRINCIPLE

• Dont Present Words and Audio Narration at the
  same time

• Overloading of Visual Channel

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Design Guidelines
5COHERENCE PRINCIPLE

• Avoid extraneous elements
• Entertaining stories
• Background music and sound
• Detailed textual descriptions

• Causes distraction, disruption, seduction, thus
  harming learning process

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Design Guidelines
6PERSONALIZATION PRINCIPLE

• Use conversational style rather than formal
  style
• Language you, I, we

• Learner works harder to understand the material
  when they feel they are in conversation with a
  partner

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Design Guidelines
7DESIGN OF PRACTICE OPPORTUNITIES

• Apply Media Principles
• Multimedia
• Contiguity
• Coherence

• Engage learners to selecting, integrating and
  retrieving processes

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Design Guidelines
8USE OF PEDAGOGICAL AGENT

• On Screen Coach
• On Screen Character
• Talking-head video
• Virtual person

• Encourage learners to do reflective learning and
  development of metacognitive skills

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RECAPITULATION

• PRINICIPLES
• Multimedia
• Contiguity
• Modality
• Redundancy
• Coherence
• Personalization
• Practice opportunities
• Pedagogical Agent

EFFECTIVE CBI
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
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THANK YOU