Latin American History

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Latin American History
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What were the Mayans best known for?
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Corn, calculus and pyramids
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Where was the Mayan Empire located?
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Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
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What was the Inca Empire best known for?
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Potatoes, building roads and bridges
Inca Road Map
Inca Rope bridges
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Where was the Inca Empire located?
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Andes Mountains, South America
Andes Mountains, Home of the Incas
Inca Empire
Inca city, Machu Pichu, in the Andes Mountains
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What were the Aztec best known for?
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Gold and human sacrifice!
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Where was the Aztec Empire located?
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Central Mexico
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Why did Columbus set sail in 1492?
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He wanted to find a western route to India, but
he ran into the Caribbean island of Cuba.
Columbus thought India was here
Columbus first trip
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Cuba became a colony of which country?
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Spain
Columbus sailed for Spain, so he
claimed Cuba for Spain
Spain
Cuba
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Who conquered the Aztec?
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Hernan Cortez Spain
At first, Cortez was treated like a god
Then, Cortez was horrified by Aztec human
sacrifice
But he really wanted the Aztecs gold
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Since Cortez defeated the Aztec, Cortez claimed
Mexico for which country?
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Spain
The Aztec Empire became part of the Spanish Empire
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Who conquered the Inca Empire?
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Francisco Pizzaro Spain
Pizzaro executes an Incan chief
Smallpox killed many Incas before Pizzaro showed
up
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Pizzaro claimed most of South America for which
Empire?
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Spain
Former Inca Empire now belongs to Spain
Pizzaro used the excellent Inca roads to move
quickly and defeat them
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Brazil becomes the colony of which European
country?
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Portugal
Brazil is claimed by Portugal
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Most South American colonies were controlled by
which country?
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Spain
Virtually all of Latin America, with the
exception of Brazil, was controlled by Spain
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What missionaries were sent to Latin America?
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Jesuits
Catholic missionaries, since Spain is Catholic
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What religion dominates Latin America today?
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Roman Catholic
The Vatican, home of the Pope, Rome, Italy.
Pope John Paul II
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What language dominates Latin America?
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Spanish
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Since the Spanish language and the Catholic
Church dominate Latin America, what does this
indicate about Latin Americas history?
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Latin America was dominated by Spanish culture
for an extended period of time (cultural
diffusion).
Jesuit missionaries
Catholic Religion
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What were the effects of European exploration?
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Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the Americas
Conquistadors conquered America
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The R in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on
the Americas?
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R Rigid class system and dictatorships in Latin
America.
Spanish on top
Mulattos--part Spanish, part Native American
Native Americans, slaves on botton
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The A in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on
the Americas?
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A African slaves brought to America
African slaves were brought across on the middle
passage
The cargo hold of a slave ship was hot, cramped,
and putrid.
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The C in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on
the Americas?
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C Colonies imitate the culture of parent country
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The E in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on
the Americas?
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E Europeans immigrate to North and South America
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The D in R.A.C.E.D stands for which effect on
the Americas?
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D Demise of the Inca, Mayan, and Aztec Empires
Victims of smallpox
Although some Native American died from wars with
Europeans, the vast majority died from diseases
carried by Europeans, like smallpox
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Name the four major European countries that
R.A.C.E.D.to conquer the Americas.
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Spain Caribbean, Latin America Portugal
Brazil France Quebec England eastern North
America
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What did the exchange of products between America
and Europe become known as?
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The Columbian Exchange
It was named after me, of course, since I
started the exchange of goods between Europe and
America!
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Which products went from Europe TO AMERICA due to
the Columbian exchange?
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Horses, Cattle, and diseases like smallpox went
to America
Animals like the horse changed Native American
lifestyles
Smallpox killed millions of Native Americans
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Which products went from America TO EUROPE due to
the Columbian exchange?
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Corn, tobacco, and potatoes were seen for the
first time in Europe
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What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange?
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The Columbian Exchange caused the growth of
C.R.O.P.S!
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The C in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of
the Columbian Exchange?
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C Cash crops grown in the Caribbean and in
Americas
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The R in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of
the Columbian Exchange?
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R Race based slavery (Africans)
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The O in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of
the Columbian Exchange?
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O Oh, the four main cash crops are cotton,
tobacco, coffee, and sugar
Sugarcane
Coffee beans
Tobacco leaves drying
Cotton waiting to be picked
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The P in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of
the Columbian Exchange?
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P Plantation system grow cash crops
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The S in C.R.O.P.S stands for which effect of
the Columbian Exchange?
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S Slaves brought from
Africa
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What is the typical government in Latin America?
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Dictatorships Spain had a similar government and
Latin America countries copied its mother country
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What two events influenced many Latin American
countries to demand independence from Spain and
Portugal?
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The American Revolution and the French Revolution
Storming of the Bastille
The Declaration of Independence
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Who led most of South America to independence
from Spain?
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Simon Bolivar
The Liberator
Freedom!
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Haiti was a colony of which country?
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France
Haiti was an important sugar producing colony for
the French Empire
Haiti
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Who led Haitis war of independence against
France and Napoleon?
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Toussaint LOuverture
After fighting the Haitian slaves for several
years unsuccessfully, Napoleon finally gave in,
and let Haiti go in 1804
Toussaint LOuverture was a former slave on a
sugar plantation
Haitian slaves killed almost all the whites on
the island
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When did the Cuban Revolution take place?
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1959
Cuba
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Who led the Cuban Revolution?
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Fidel Castro
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As an effect of the Cuban Revolution, what type
of government did Castro create in Cuba?
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Communist
Karl Marx, author of The Communist Manifesto
Vladimir Lenin founder of the the first
communist country the U.S.S.R.
U.S.S.R dictator, Joseph Stalin, one of Castos
heroes
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When was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
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1962
vs
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What caused the Cuban Missile Crisis?
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The Soviet Union tried to put nuclear missiles in
Cuba--only 90 miles from the United States
Only 90 miles!
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(No Transcript)
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How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end?
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After a naval blockade of Cuba by the U.S., the
U.S.S.R. took the missiles home
U.S. naval blocade