Africa chapter 1, section 1 Land and Water

1
Africa chapter 1, section 1Land and Water

• Africas Regions and Landforms
• 4 regions
• Plateau contnent
• Mountains
• Coastal Plains
• Great Rift Valley

• Africas Rivers
• Nile River
• Farming along Nile
• Congo River
• Niger River
• Zambezi River

2
Africas 4 regions and landforms

• East
• many mountains, plateaus, grasslands, hills

North Atlas Mts. Sahara Desert (largest desert)
South/central flat and rolling grasslands,
hills, rain forests, mountains, swamps, Namib and
Kalahari deserts.
West most populated grasslands good farming
3
The Plateau Continent

• Africa is made up of mostly flat land that drops
  sharply near the oceans.
• This land has a high elevation (height above or
  below sea level).

Mountains

• All 4 regions have mountains
• highest are in East Africa
• Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania is the tallest.

4
Coastal Plains Edge the Continent

• Coastal plains run along much of Africa.
• either dry and sandy or wet and marshy

Great Rift Valley

• Mt. Kilimanjaro is on the edge.
• Valley was formed 4m years ago. Continents
  pulled apart and left a rift, or deep trench.
• This rift is 4,000 miles long.
• Most major lakes are in or near this area.

5
Africas Rivers

• 4 rivers carry water from the mountains to the
  sea Nile, Congo, Zambezi, Niger.
• Parts of these rivers can be used for travel, but
  each is broken by waterfalls and rapids.
• Ships cannot navigate these rivers.

6
The Nile River

• Longest river in the world (gt4,000 miles)
• Two tributaries (rivers or streams that flow into
  larger rivers), White Nile in Sudan and Blue Nile
  in Ethiopia.
• The river flows north into the Mediterranean Sea.

Farming along the Nile

• Flooding from the Nile left silt, making the soil
  fertile (rich in nutrients, good for farming).
• Aswan Dam prevents this flooding and created Lake
  Nasser also produces electricity, irrigation

7
2
8
The Congo River

• flows through the rain forests of central Africa
  (Congo and Dem. Rep. of the Congo)
• 2nd longest in Africa
• hundreds of tributaries from the Congo farmers
  use this area to grow crops
• Many different fish to catch.

Niger River

• 3rd longest in Africa
• provides water for farms and fishing

9
2
10
Zambezi River

• 4th longest river in Africa.
• in Southern Africa runs through 6 countries
• Many waterfalls (Victoria Falls) and rapids.
• hydroelectricity

11
4 Zambezi
12
4-Victoria Falls