Diabetes

1

• Diabetes
• National Diabetes Control Programme
• National Diabetes Control Committee
• with members from MOH and outside
• National Policy for the control of
• diabetes
• Regional diabetologists - focal
• points

2

• Diabetes in primary care
• Mini diabetes clinics
• Standard guidelines
• Diabetes care team
• Diabetes registryThe total number of cases
• reported till 2005 were 48,972 with 4,862
• new cases diagnosed in the year 2005.
• World Diabetes Day
• Other health education

3

• Diabetes
•  
• Various surveys over the last decade have shown
  that ten percent of Omani adults suffer from
  diabetes and a similar proportion has impaired
  glucose tolerance.
• A survey conducted in 1991 showed a diabetes
  prevalence of 8.3 based on fasting blood
  glucose. A more recent National Health Survey
  (2000), has shown diabetes to have increased
  significantly to 11.6.

4
National Health Survey, 2000 Total 5856 IFG 6.
1
IFGdiabetes 17.8
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Prevalence of Diabetes and IGT in Oman using 1999
WHO diagnostic criteria
DM diabetes mellitus, IGT Impaired glucose
tolerance, IFG Impaired fasting glucose
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Prevalence of diabetes in males in the national
health survey, 2000
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Prevalence of diabetes in females in the national
health survey, 2000
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Body Mass Index, overweight and obesity
Dhofar 71, Muscat and Dahirah 50
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• Metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria)
• Central obesity (waist circumference ?94 cm for
  men and ?80 cm for women),
  
• plus any 2 of the following 4 factors
• Raised triglyceride (TG) levels ?1.7 mmol/L, or
  specific treatment for this lipid abnormality
  
• Reduced high density lipoproteins (HDL)
  cholesterol in women, or specific treatment for these lipid
  abnormalities
• Raised systolic BP ?130 or diastolic BP ?85 mmHg,
  or treatment of previously diagnosed
  hypertension
  
• Raised fasting plasma glucose FPG ?5.6 mmol/L,
  or previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes
  

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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Oman
Females 40.0 (95 CI 35.6 to 44.3) Males
18.4 (95 CI 14.5 to 22.3)
(p-value for the gender difference
11
Hospital Mortality 1989-1993
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Diabetes Prevalence in GCC
Ages 20 years
MOH, UAE, 2000
Abedlla et al, 1998
Al-Nuaim, 1997
Asfour et al, 1991
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Diabetes Mellitus, GCC Estimates, 1995-2025
Source The World Health Report, 1997, WHO
14
Prevalence 1991 vs 2000Oman
15
Age Diabetes
National Health Survey, Oman, 2000
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Undiagnosed Diabetes in Oman
380
National Health Survey, Oman, 2000
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Trends of BMI by Gender (Oman)
21
Insulin Resistance Syndrome (Metabolic Syndrome)
Central/abdominal obesity
High TG
Microalbuminuria
Low HDL
Metabolic Syndrome or INSULIN RESISTANCE
HBP
Endothelial dysfunction
High FPG
Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease
22
Al-Lawati JA, Prevalence of the metabolic
syndrome among Omani adults. Diabetes Care 2003
26(6)1781-5.
Central/abdominal obesity 24.6
High TG 20.7
Microalbuminuria
Low HDL 75.4
Oman 21
HBP 23.1
Endothelial dysfunction
High FPG 18.1
Atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease
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Overweight in GCC
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Obesity in GCC