WWI to 1967

1
WWI to 1967

• Background
• WWI-1948
• 1948-1967
• Notes

2
Zionism

• Emancipation in Western Europe
• Dreyfus Affair
• Theodor Herzl
• The Jewish State
• Political Zionism

3
Demographic Changes

• The First Aliyah (1882 - 1903)
• Mostly Eastern European 25,000 immigrants
• The Second Aliyah (1904 - 1914)
• Tel Aviv founded 1909
• Many leaders of the future state of Israel arrive
• 40,000 immigrants

4
World War I

• British take control of Palestine
• Jewish Funding of WWI
• Balfour Declaration (1917)
• His majestys government view with favor the
  establishment in Palestine of a National Homeland
  for the Jewish people

5
Mandate Period

• Britain runs Palestine
• 1922 white paper (declares that Zionist had a
  right to be there, but did not mean the
  imposition of the inhabitants already there)
• Struggles over immigration and land
• The Third Aliyah (1919 - 1923)
• The Fourth Aliyah (1924 - 1928)
• Wailing Wall Disturbances 1929
• Britain issues the white paper of 1930
• Limits immigration, both communities upset

6
World War II

• The Fifth Aliyah (1929 - 1939)
• Includes many immigrants from western Europe
• 250,000 immigrants, many go to Jerusalem
• Haganah trains with Britain to fight Germany
• Holocaust
• Generates sympathy for Zionist

7
Interwar period to 1948

• Britain too weak to stay in Palestine
• UN partition proposal
• Israel declares an independent state
• 1948 War
• Resulted in refugee problem
• Israel gains territory
• Jerusalem divided into two sections

8
Between 1948 and 1967

• Major influx of Jewish immigrants from Arab
  countries
• Majority of Jewish population comes from Arab
  countries
• 1956 Suez War
• Made relations with Arab neighbors worse
• Anxiety of war
• Pan-Arabism
• Cold War

9
June War and its Aftermath

• Israel doubled its territory
• West Bank, Gaza, Sinai, Golan Heights
• Now occupied a large Palestinian population