NANOSCIENCE

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NANOSCIENCE
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Introduction to Nanoscience

• How big are nanostructures
• Scaling down to the nanoscale
• How are nanostructures made?
• Fabrication, synthesis, manufacturing
• How do we see them?
• Imaging and property characterization
• Why do we care?
• Applications to science, technology and society

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Why do we want to make things small?

• To make products smaller, cheaper, faster and
  better by "scaling" them down. (Electronics,
  catalysts, water purification, solar cells,
  coatings, life-science, etc)
• To introduce new physical phenomena for science
  and technology. (Quantum behavior and other
  effects.)

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Nanotechnology

• Nanotechnology is the understanding and control
  of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100
  nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel
  applications.

1 nanometer 1 x 10-9 m
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Excerpt from Letter of Benjamin Franklin to
William Brownrigg (Nov. 7, 1773) ...At length
being at Clapham, where there is, on the Common,
a large Pond ... I fetched out a Cruet of Oil,
and dropt a little of it on the Water. I saw it
spread itself with surprising Swiftness upon the
Surface ... the Oil tho' not more than a Tea
Spoonful ... which spread amazingly, and extended
itself gradually till it reached the Lee Side,
making all that Quarter of the Pond, perhaps half
an Acre, as smooth as a Looking Glass....
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From DOE
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"Nano"

• Nanoscale - at the 1-100 nm scale, roughly
• Nanostructure - an object that has nanoscale
  features
• Nanoscience - the behavior and properties of
  nanostructures
• Nanotechnology - the techniques for making and
  characterizing nanostructures and putting them to
  use
• Nanomanufacturing - methods for producing
  nanostructures in reliable and commercially
  viable ways

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Nanotechnology RD is interdisciplinary and
impacts many industries

• Physics
• Chemistry
• Biology
• Materials Science
• Polymer Science
• Electrical Engineering
• Chemical Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Medicine
• And others

• Electronics
• Materials
• Health/Biotech
• Chemical
• Environmental
• Energy
• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Security
• Forest products
• And others