Three periods of the Middle Ages

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Three periods of the Middle Ages

• Early Middle Ages
• the Dark Ages disorder, disunity, despair
• High Middle Ages
• Rise of crown, commerce cities
• Late Middle Ages
• 3 disasters church scandal, 100 years war
  BLACK DEATH

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Early Middle Ages

• c. 450-1000 AD/CE

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Barbarian Invasions

• Germanic tribes
• Goths Visigoths, Ostrogoths
• Vandals, Franks, Anglo-Saxons
• Conflicts with the Romans
• 410 AD Visigoths sack Rome
• 476 AD Fall of Rome government collapse, travel
  dangerous, roads disappear, trade disappears,
  learning declines
• (Eastern Roman Empire Byzantine)

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The Franks

• Frankish tribes unified (by Clovis)
• Converted to Christianity (by Clovis)
• advance of the Muslims halted at Tours (732
  Charles Martel)
• Aided the Pope
• Established a strong Empire under Charlemagne

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Charlemagne

• Encouraged Learning
• Palace schools
• Defense
• Expanded empire conquered the Saxons and the
  Avars to the east
• Counts governed areas of Empire
• Missi dominici monitored Counts

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Holy Roman Emperor

• December, 800 AD Pope crowns Charlemagne with
  the title
• Holy Roman Emperor
• Story

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What happens to Charlemagnes empire?

• Son Grandsons
• Inheritance issues
• Infighting weakens kingdoms
• New wave of barbarian invasions
• Vikings, Magyars, Slavs, Muslims
• Back into chaos! for over 100 years

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The Angles Saxons

• Invaded Britain (which was defended by King
  Arthur?)
• Chaos!
• Christianity 7th century
• 9th century
• Alfred the Great
• reading

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Questions

• What factors contributed to Alfreds strength?
• How did Alfred organize Wessex?
• What was the wergild?
• How was the basis of Germanic justice different
  from that of Roman Law?
• How did trial by ordeal work?
• Charlemagne Alfred
• Similarities?
• Differences?

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c. 1000 out of the ruins of the Frankish empire
emerge Strong Monarchies

• W. - France
• new hereditary monarchy established
• Hugh Capet Capetian dynasty

• E. - German States Holy Roman Empire
• Develops as an elected emperor under the Pope

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