The First Industrial Revolution

1
The First Industrial Revolution

• Changes in
• Agriculture and Industry

2
Key Natural Resources

• Iron Ore
• For machines
• Coal
• Substituted for wood in the melting of metals
• Water
• Used for factory motors and/or combines
• Steam
• -substituted in for water more power, more
  efficient

3
Advances in Agriculture Technology and Other
Developments that Improved Farming Efficiency

• Built dikes to reclaim farmland from the sea
• Crop rotation
• Open-field farming
• Seed Drill
• Horse Drawn Hoe

4
Dikes

• Man-made island or a land extension used for
  farming.

5
Crop Rotation

• practice of growing a series of dissimilar types
  of crops in the same space in sequential seasons
  for various benefits

6
Open-field Farming

• Each manor or village had very large unfenced
  areas which were farmed in strips by individual
  families

7
Seed Drill

• Allowed proper use of seeds in straight rows

8
Horse Drawn Hoe

• Kept areas in between crops clear of weeds for
  better crop production

9
New Machines and Means of Production That Changed
Transportation and the Way Goods Were Made

• Flying Shuttle
• Threshing Machine
• Spinning Jenny
• Power Loom
• Cotton Gin

10
Flying Shuttle

• Developed by John Kay in 1733
• Was one of the key developments in weaving that
  helped fuel the Industrial Revolution
• Enabled the weaver to propel the shuttle through
  a wider strip of cloth
• Allowed the other hand to perform the combing to
  compact the cloth
• This speeded the process and thus increased
  production

11
Threshing Machine

• Invented by Scottish engineer Andrew Meikle
• Use in agriculture Separated grains from stalks
  and husks
• For thousands of years this was done by hand

12
Spinnig Jenny

• Invented by James Hargreaves in 1764
• This reduced amount of work needed to produce yarn

13
Power Loom

• Designed in 1784 by Edmond Cartwright and first
  built in 1785
• The Power Loom allowed large amounts of cloth to
  be made in a shorter time than a human could do
  it.

14
Cotton Gin

• A cotton gin is a machine that quickly and easily
  separates the cotton fibers from the seedpods and
  the sometimes sticky seeds. These seeds were
  either used again to grow more cotton or if badly
  damaged were disposed of

15
Steam Power Introduced

• During the Industrial Revolution, steam power
  replaced water power and muscle power (which
  often came from horses) as the primary source of
  power in use in industry.

16
Steam Powered Engines

• With more production in the economy, they need
  better means of transportation Steam power

17
Steam Power Continued

• Steam powered tractor