New American Diplomacy

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New American Diplomacy
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Republican campaign poster - 1900
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Election of 1900 William McKinley defeated
William Jennings Bryan once again using the Four
Years More of the Full Dinner Pail platform. TR
became the vice-president.
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Sept. 6, 1901 McKinley assassinated by an
anarchist named Leon Czolgosz in
Buffalo, Theodore Roosevelt, 42, became the
youngest to ever be president
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• energy and enthusiasm rarely seen in the White
  House
• competition and conflict keep one healthy
• intent on making the country a world power

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American Diplomacy in Asia
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The Open Door Policy

• 1894 Japan and China went to war over Korea,
  then a part of Chinese empire
• Japan won, Korea granted independence proved
  that Japan had successfully adopted Western
  technology
• Manchuria in Northern China in questionJapan
  wanted it but Russians said no
• many countries wanted areas of China spheres of
  influence foreign nation controlled economic
  development

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• Open Door Policy all countries allowed to trade
  with China
• 1899 Sec. of State John Hay sent notes to
  countries with spheres of influence in China, all
  countries should be able to do business in China

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The Boxer Rebellion

• secret Chinese society, Boxers, rose up in 1900
  to wipe out foreign devils
• Boxers besieged foreign embassies in Beijing
  killing more than 200
• rebellion crushed in 1900 by international forces
  including U.S. troops
• U.S. retained access to China's lucrative trade
  in tea, spices, and silk

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Boxer Rebellion Photos
German marines celebrating Xmas in Tsingtao
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A crowd of Chinese peasants near a bridge in
Tianjin
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A crowd of young peasants watching in Tianjin
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The Boxer Rebellion
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1905 Russo-Japanese peace conference in
Portsmouth, New Hampshire T.R. convinced
Russians to recognize Japans territorial gains
and persuaded Japan to stop fighting.
Balancing Power in East Asia
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T.R. Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for efforts
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1907 T.R. sent 16 battleships on a Voyage
around the world Great White Fleet
stopped in Japan to demonstrate the U.S. would
uphold interests in Asia
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Growing Presence in the Caribbean T.R. Speak
softly and carry a big stick... Big Stick
Policy
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The Panama Canal

• 1901 U.S. G.B. signed the Hay-Pauncefote
  Treaty, gave the U.S. exclusive right to build
  and control canal through Central America
• 1903 Panama still a part of Colombia, Sec. of
  State Hay offered Colombia 10 million and a
  yearly rent of 250,000 for right to construct
  canal
• Colombia refused, price too low, might lose
  Panama

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Panamanians feared losing commercial benefits,
fought for independence Panama and U.S. signed
treaty allowing canal to be built shortened
distance between Atlantic and Pacific by 8,000
nautical miles
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• quick access to Atlantic Pacific
• military protection of territories
• trade economic value would increase

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The Panama Canal
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The Panama Canal
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The Roosevelt Corollary

• 1904 address to Cong., T.R. issued the
  Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
• U.S. would intervene in Latin America when
  necessary to maintain economic and political
  stability in the Western Hemisphere