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Basic Electrical TerminologiesLecture 1
DE1 AUE 2008 Bo Rohde Pedersen
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Voltage

• Electricity Water
• Voltage Pressure
• Example
• 230V in the socket.
• Walkman battery 1.5V

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Current

• Electricity Water
• Current Flow
• Example
• Max 10A out of the socket,
• limit by a fuse.

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Power

• Power is the momentary energy a device
• uses or produce.
• Example
• -A 60W light bulb
• -A 150W hand-held mixer
• -A 2200W fan heater

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Voltage DC Source

• A voltage source Examples
• has always a constant
• voltage independent
• of the loud
• (only in theory)
• Battery

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Battaries in Series
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Current Source

• A current source
• has always a constant
• Current independent
• of the loud
• (only in theory)

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AC/DC

• AC Alternating current (vekselstrøm)
• Ex In house installations
• DC Direct current (jævnstrøm)
• Ex Battery, all electronics.

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Bulb
Has a nominal voltage (ex. 6V) and nominal power
(ex. 3W)
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Two Bulb in Series
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The Resistor

• Electricity Water

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Resistor Value
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Limitation of Bulb with Resistor
What happens in the resistor?
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Ohms Law and Power Law

• Ohms Law
• V I R
• Power Law
• P V I
• Use V for voltage and not E as the figure shows!

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Old-fashioned Measurment
How to detect electricity?
Electromagnetic
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Measuring Instrument
Voltage Current
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Measuring
Voltage Measurements Measure over the device, In
parallel. Current Measurement Measure the
current flow through the device, Series
measurement.
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How to Measure

• - Set the instrument on
• the correct rang! (start high!)
• Plug the Black wire in com
• If measure voltage plug the
• read wire in V. If current in A.
• Set the probes on/in
• the setup
• Black wire ALWAYS ground0V
• Red wire ALWAYS at positive voltage

Voltage measurment
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Electronics Lab Work and Production
Standard values Ex E12 series 1.0, 1.2, 1.5,
1.8, 2.2, 2.7, 3.3, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.8 and
8.2. Other series E6, E24.
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Prefixes
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Resistor Values Help

• 4 bands 6 bands

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Useful likes

• http//hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electri
  c/watcir2.html
• http//www.engr.colostate.edu/dga/mechatronics/fi
  gures/

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Exercises

• Make a schematic of how you will make the bulb
  light up with the given
• 9V battery.
• Calculate the resistor value, can one standard
  resistor handle this?
• Make the set-up and measure the current and
  voltage over the resistor.
• What options is there if you what two bulbs?
  Advantages and disadvantages.
• Help calculate currents and voltages.
• What happens if you add a bulb parallel to the
  other bulb in the set up from
• exercises 3? Explain