CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

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CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

• DSM-IV TR, 2000 (Diagnostic and Statistical
  manual of Mental Disorders) published by the APA
• AXIS 1Current problems/symptoms
• AXIS 2 Previous problems
• AXIS 3 Physical disorders
• AXIS 4 Psychosocial stressors
• AXIS 5 Global assessment of the individuals
  psychological, social and occupational functioning

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DSM-IV TR

• At what age the disorder usually begins
• Whether males or females are more susceptible
• What types of impairments are usually found in
  the disorder
• What patterns are found in the families of people
  with the mental disorder
• The percentage of people that have the disorder

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CATEGORIES OF MENTAL DISORDERS

• DELIRIUM, DEMENTIA, AND AMNESTIC AND OTHER
  COGNITIVE DISORDERS
• PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE-USE DISORDERS
• SCHIZOPHRENIA AND DELUSIONAL DISORDERS
• MOOD (AFFECTIVE) DISORDERS
• NEUROTIC AND STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS
• BEHAVIOURAL DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL
  DISTURBANCES
• ADULT PERSONALITY DISORDERS
• LEARNING DIFFICULTIES
• DISORDERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
• CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE DISORDERS

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CODE NUMBERS IN THE DSM

• Each disorder listed in the DSM is identified
  with a specific number. This number matches
  those published by the World Health
  Organisations International Statistical
  Classification of Diseases and Related Health
  Problems (ICD)

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Classification of Diseases and Injuries 1.
Infectious and Parasitic Diseases 2. Neoplasms 3.
Endocrine, Nutritional, and Metabolic Diseases
and Immunity Disorders 4. Diseases of the Blood
and Blood-Forming Organs 5. Mental Disorders 6.
Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense
Organs 7. Diseases of the Circulatory System 8.
Diseases of the Respiratory System 9. Diseases of
the Digestive System 10. Diseases of the
Genitourinary System 11. Complications of
Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium 12.
Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue 13.
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and
Connective Tissue 14. Congenital Anomalies 15.
Certain Conditions Originating in the Perinatal
Period 16. Symptoms, Signs, and Ill-Defined
Conditions 17. Injury and Poisoning
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PROBLEMS WITH DIAGNOSIS

• Reliability are psychiatrists consistent with
  each other in reaching a diagnosis
• Validity does a cluster of symptoms really
  represent a named disorder
• Labelling by assigning a person to a category
  will s/he be labelled for life
• Bias gender, age, ethnicity, culture