Bismilla Hir Rahma Nirraheem

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• Bismilla Hir Rahma Nirraheem

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• Organizational Theory Behavior in Education
• By
• Dr. Mahr Muhammad Saeed Akhtar

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Some Objectives

• Define organizational behavior
• Describe what managers do
• Explain the value of the systematic study
• List the major challenges and opportunities for
  managers to use
• Identify the contributions made by major
  behavioral science disciplines to
• Describe why managers require a knowledge of
• Explain the need for a contingency approach to
  the study of
• Identify the three levels of analysis in this
  books OB model

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Mangers

• Individual who achieve goals through other people.

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Organization

• A consciously coordinated social unit, composed
  or two or more people, that functions on a
  relatively continuous basis to achieve a common
  goal or set of goals.

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Management Skills

• Technical Skills (ability to perform a specific
  job)
• Knowledge and proficiency of processes,
  procedures and methods (Typing, drawing,
  designing, preparing budget, teaching,
  advocating, assembling,
• Human Skills Maintaining a network of
  relationship
• Organizing and leading people
• Motivation, Communication, and Group dynamics
• Conceptual Skills The mental ability to analyze
  and diagnose complex situation.

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What Managers Do

• PlanningIncludes Defining goals, establishing
  strategy, and developing plans to coordinate
  activities.
• Organization Determining what tasks are to be
  done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be
  grouped, who reports to whom , and where
  decisions are to be made.

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• Leading Includes motivating empolyees, directing
  others, selecting the most efrective
  communication channels, and resolving conflicts.
• Controlling Monitoring activities to ensure they
  are being accomplished as planned and correcting
  any significant deviations

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Management Roles

• Interpersonal Roles
• Information Roles
• Decisional Roles

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Organizational behavior

• A field of study that investigates the impact
  that individuals, groups, and structure have on
  behavior within organizations, for the purpose of
  applying such knowledge toward improving an
  organizations effectiveness

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• Replacing intuition with systematic study

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Intuition

• A feeling not necessarily supported by research

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Systematic Study

• Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute
  causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based
  on scientific evidence.

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• Contributing disciplines to OB

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Psychology

• The science that seeks to measure, explain, and
  sometimes change the behavior of humans and other
  animals.

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Sociology

• The study of people in relation to their fellow
  human beings.

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Social psychology

• An area within psychology that bends concepts
  from psychology and sociology and that focuses on
  the influence of people on one another.

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Anthropology

• The study of societies to learn about human
  beings and their activities.

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Political science

• The study of the behavior of individuals and
  groups within a polical environment.

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Absolutes in OB

• Contingency variables
• Situational actors variables that moderate the
  relationship between two or more other variables
  and improve the correlation.

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Challenges and opportunities in OB

• Respond to globalization
• Managing workforce diversity
• Improving quality and productivity
• Improving people skills
• Empower people
• Coping with temporariness
• Stimulating innovation and change
• Improving ethical behavior

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Workforce diversity

• The increasing heterogeneity of organizations
  with the inclusion of different groups.

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Total Quality Management (TQM)

• A philosophy of management that is driven by the
  constant attainment of customer satisfaction
  thought the continuators improvement of all
  organizational processes.

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Reengineering

• Reconsider show work would be done and the
  organization structured if they were being
  created from scratch.

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Empowering employees

• Putting employees in charge of what they do.

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Ethical dilemma

• Situation in which an individuals is required to
  define right and wrong conduct

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Coming attractions developing an OB model

• A model
• Dependent variables
• Productivity
• Effectiveness
• Efficiency
• Absenteeism
• Turnover
• organizational citizenship
• Job satisfaction

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Model

• Abstraction of reality simplified representation
  of some real-world phenomenon.

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Dependent variable

• A response that is affected by an independent
  variable.

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Productivity

• A performance measure including effectiveness and
  efficiency.
• Effectiveness
• Achievement of goals.
• Efficiency
• The ratio of effective output to the input
  required to achieve it.

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Absenteeism

• Failure to report to work

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Turnover

• Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal
  from the organization.

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Organizational Citizenship

• Discretionary behavior that is not part of an
  employees formal job requirements but that
  nevertheless promotes the effective functioning
  of the organization.

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Job satisfaction

• A general attitude toward ones job the
  differnce between the amount of rewards workers
  receive and the amount they believe they should
  receive.

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Independent variables

• The presumed cause of some change in the
  dependent variable.
• Individual level
• Group level
• Organization systems level