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Respiration

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Block the flow of H through ATP synthase (Oligomycin) H H H H H H H H H H ... Oligomycin. DNP. ATP. Synthase. 2. ADP. Electron Transport Chain ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Respiration


1
Respiration
2
0
  • How Is a Marathoner Different from a Sprinter?
  • Aerobic vs. anaerobic

3
Aerobic vs. Anaerobic
  • Aerobic pathways
  • Newer
  • Require O
  • Start in cytoplasm
  • Completed in mitochondria
  • Anaerobic pathways
  • Older
  • No O
  • In cytoplasm

4
Food Sources
  • Autotrophs (producers)
  • Hetrotrophs (consumers)
  • Both make ATP

5
(No Transcript)
6
Energy Consumption
7
Why Breathe?
8
Summary Equation for Aerobic Respiration
9
Electron Transfers
  • Oxidation - lose electron
  • Reduction - gain electron

10
Coenzymes
  • NAD and FAD
  • NADH and FADH2
  • Carry electrons and hydrogen

11
Coenzymes
12
ETC
13
Overview
0
Figure 6.6
14
Glucose
  • C6H12O6

In-text figurePage 136
15
Glycolysis
16
Glycolysis
  • Two stages
  • Energy-requiring steps
  • 2 ATP
  • Transfers P group
  • Energy-releasing steps
  • Splits activated glucose
  • Forms 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP and 2 NADH

17
Glycolysis
18
Figure 6.8_1
19
Figure 6.8_2
20
Figure 6.8_3
21
Prep Reaction
  • Pyruvate is oxidized
  • 2 C acetyl-CoA
  • 3rd C released as CO2
  • NAD -gt NADH

22
Prep Reaction
23
Citric Acid Cycle
24
Citric Acid Cycle
  • Loads e- and H onto NAD and FAD
  • ATP by substrate-level Phos.

25
Citric Acid Cycle
0
  • 1 turn yields
  • 2 CO2
  • 1 ATP,
  • 3 NADH
  • 1 FADH2
  • Regenerates starting product

26
Electron Transport
  • Coenzymes deliver electrons
  • Pump H
  • Forms H gradient
  • H flows down gradient
  • Powers ATP formation (ATP synthase)

27
Figure 6.12a
28
Importance of Oxygen
29
Summary of Energy Harvest(per molecule of
glucose)
  • Glycolysis
  • 2 ATP
  • Citric acid and prep rxns
  • 2 ATP
  • ETC
  • 32 ATP formed

30
FYI - Efficiency of Aerobic Respiration
  • 686 kcal of energy are released
  • 7.5 kcal are conserved in each ATP
  • When 36 ATP form, 270 kcal (36 X 7.5) are
    captured in ATP
  • Efficiency is 270 / 686 X 100 39 percent
  • Most energy is lost as heat

31
Poisons
0
  • Block the movement of electrons (cyanide, CO)
  • Block the flow of H through ATP synthase
    (Oligomycin)

Figure 6.11
32
Anaerobic Pathways
  • Less ATP
  • Fermentation pathways

33
Fermentation Pathways
  • Bacteria
  • Lactobacillus (cheese)
  • Animal cells

34
Fermentation Pathways
  • Glycolysis
  • 2 ATP
  • Regenerate NAD

35
Lactate Fermentation
  • Muscle cells FAST ATP
  • Lactic acid builds up

36
Alcoholic Fermentation
  • Produces ethanol
  • Yeast

37
Figure 6.16
38
Question of the Day
  • How does the insecticide rotenone work? Is it
    safe?
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