Integument Review

1
Integument Review

• Are you ready?
• Dont forget plates also!

2
Apocrine VS Eccrine

• 1. Eccrine
• duct to pore on surface
• 2. Apocrine
• Ducts empty into hair follicles
• Associated with pheromones in underarm pubic
  areas

3
Cause of a suntan

• Melanocytes make melanin in response to UV
  exposure

4
Characteristics of papillary layer

• Top part of dermis
• Projections called dermal papillae
• Pain receptors
• Touch receptors
• Blood vessels

5
Complications of 3rd degree burn

• Associated dangers
• - Dehydration
• - Electrolyte imbalance
• - Circulatory shock

6
Function of sebum

• Oil made by sebaceous glands
• - Lubricant for skin
• - Kills bacteria
• Most with ducts that empty into hair follicles

7
Functions of skin

• Protects deeper tissues
• prevents desiccation
• helps in heat regulation
• Makes vit D
• Excretion of waste

8
How are fingernails made?

• Scale-like modifications of epidermis
• Heavily keratinized
• Stratum basale under nail bed
• - Responsible for growth

9
How does body cool off
10
Layers of hair how produced

• Cuticle outside transparent heavily
  keratinized scaly gives elasticity resiliency
• Cortex middle rope-like proteins if exposed
  moisture loss, unravel, split ends
• Medulla inside support structure

11
Male pattern baldness results from what body
chemicals?
Scientific name for baldness Alopecia
12
Order of epidermis strata layers
13
Parts of a fingernail

• Free edge
• Body
• Root of nail
• Eponychium proximal nail fold that projects
  onto the nail body

14
Rules of Nines

• Way to determine the extent of burns
• Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimate
• Each area represents 9

15
Medical terms bedsores, cancer, bruise, redness

• Decubitus ulcer
• Melanoma
• Hematoma
• Erythema

16
Skin problems caused by

• Virus
• Fungus
• Bacteria
• Allergies
• Inflammation of sebaceous glands
• Inflammation of hair follicle

Cold sores Athletes foot Boil or
Impetigo Contact Dermatitis Acne Boil
17
4 types of membranes examples

• Cutaneous membrane - skin
• Mucous membrane inside mouth
• Serous membrane covering organs
• Synovial membrane certain joints

18
3 pigments of skin color

• Melanin
• Yellow, brown or black
• Carotene
• Orange-yellow from vegetables
• Hemoglobin
• Red from blood cells in dermis
• Oxygen content determines redness

19
Tissue type of external skin layer

• Epidermis
• outer layer
• Stratified squamous epithelium
• Often keratinized

20
Visceral vs parietal

• Words to describe each layer of serous membranes
• V on organs
• P lining outer wall

21
Pleura, pericardium, vs. peritoneum

• Peritoneum - Abdominal cavity
• Pleura - Around the lungs
• Pericardium - Around the heart

22
What are dermal papillae?

• Projections called dermal papillae in Papillary
  layer of dermis
• Fingerprints

23
Melanoma mole looks like

• A Asymmetry
• Two sides of pigmented mole do not match
• B Border irregularity
• Borders of mole are not smooth
• C Color
• Different colors in pigmented area
• D Diameter
• Spot is larger then 6 mm in diameter

24
What is composition of sweat

• Composition
• Mostly water
• Some metabolic waste
• Fatty acids and proteins (apocrine only)

25
Whats happening in each stratum?

• 1. Stratum basale
• Cells undergoing mitosis
• Lies next to dermis
• 2. Stratum spinosum
• connections to adjacent cells
• 3. Stratum granulosum
• granules of keratin
• 4. Stratum lucidum
• Occurs only in thick skin
• 5. Stratum corneum
• ? Shingle-like dead cells

26
What is keratin, where is it found

• Waterproof protein
• Added by Stratum granulosum
• Found in hair, nails, skin

27
What is melanin, where is it found

• Pigment made by melanocytes in stratum basale
• Found in skin and hair
• Protects nucleus from UV

28
Mucous membrane location

• Body cavities that open to the outside

29
Where are the three kinds of dermal receptors
found?

• Free nerve endings
• In dermal papillae
• Meissners corpuscles
• In dermal papillae.
• Pacinian corpuscles
• In reticular layer

30
Which kind of membrane is all connective tissue
Synovial Membrane
31
Which layer(s) has no blood supply
32
Which layer(s) insulate(s)
33
Which receptors are for pain (temp), touch,
pressure?

• Free nerve endings
• pain
• Meissners corpuscles
• touch
• Pacinian corpuscles
• pressure