The What, who, When, Where, and Why of the Reformation

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The What, who, When,Where, and Why of the
Reformation
Who are these guys, the Three Wise Men?
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King Henry, left, and Pope Gregory VII, right.
During the Middle Ages, the famous conflict
between Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV proved
that Popes had more power then Kings in Europe.
During the Reformation this would change.
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What? Terms to know
Protestant Reformation When people began to
protest the corruption of the Catholic Church and
seek reform (change) .
Protestants New branch of Christianity former
Catholics that left the Church to protest
corruption.
Indulgences A document Catholic officials
usually sold to poor Catholics said all sins are
forgiven, whether or not the person did good
deeds.
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Who? - Person 1, Martin Luther

• Main leader of the Protestant Reformation
• Former Catholic priest who protested the
  corruption of the Church, (indulgences)
• Wrote 95 Theses (95 problems with the Church)
• Formed his own Christian religion called Lutheran

How did the Church respond to Luther?
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Some of Martin Luthers 95 Theses

• 43 Christians are to be taught that he who
  gives to the poor or lends to the needy does
  better deeds than buying indulgences.
• 47 Christians are to be taught that the
  buying of indulgences is a matter of free will,
  and not of commandment.
• 72 He who goes against the lust and license
  of the indulgence-preachers, let him be blessed!

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Who? - Person 2, John Calvin

• Began the Calvinist Church
• Embraced the ideas of Luther
• Believed in Predestination (its decided when
  youre born if going to heaven or not.)

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Who? Person 3 King Henry VIII

• Father of Elizabeth I
• Brought Reformation to England
• Left the Catholic Church in 1533Why?
• Pope wouldnt grant him a divorce from his wife
  (illegal)
• Later formed Church of England (Anglican Church)
  

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The Fate of Henry VIIIs Six Wives
Wife 2 Anne Boleyn (beheaded for adultery)
Wife 1 Catherine of Aragon (divorced because
she no longer could produce a male heir to the
throne)
Wife 3 Jane Seymour (died of natural causes)
Wife 4 Anne of Cleaves (divorced an
arranged marriage to someone Henry never loved.
Wife 6 Catherine Parr (survived)
Wife 5 Kathryn Howard (beheaded for adultery)
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Henry VIIIs six wives divorced, beheaded, died
divorced, beheaded, survived
Henry VIII 1509-1547
The Tudor Family Flow Chart
Henrys 1st daughter - Queen Mary Bloody Mary
1553-1558
Henrys 2nd daughter - Queen Elizabeth I 1558-1603
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When?
1500-1600s- Overlaps most of the Renaissance
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Where?
England
Europe, mainly Germany and England Question
Why did the Reformation NOT start in Italy?
Europe
Germany (aka Holy Roman Empire)
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Why? The Reasons
- Catholic Church was corrupt (sold indulgences,
Church positions sold to highest bidder, some
priests were illiterate) - Church refused to
change when reformers demanded it (ex Bible
still only in Latin, indulgences wouldnt stop)
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What What if I wanted to stop the Corruption?

• You would be excommunicated and labeled a
  heretic. Your consequence burned at the stake.
• Why didnt the Church just kill Martin Luther?