Introduction to Cranial Nerve Summary

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Introduction to Cranial Nerve Summary

• Regions supplied by sensory branches
• Muscles supplied by motor branches
• Exit from cranial cavity and pathway in head
  and neck

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Sensory vs Motor vs Both?
Cranial Nerve TYPE 1 Olfactory
(I) Some 2 Optic (II) Say 3 Oculomotor
(III) Marry 4 Trochlear (IV) Money
5 Trigeminal (V) But 6 Abducens (VI) My
7 Facial (VII) Brother 8 Vestibulocochlear
(VIII) Says 9 Glossopharyngeal
(IX) Better 10 Vagus (X) Brains 11 Accessory
(XI) Matter 12 Hypoglossal (XII) Most
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Sensory vs Motor vs Both?
Cranial Nerve TYPE 1 Olfactory
(I) Sensory 2 Optic (II) Sensory
3 Oculomotor (III) Motor 4 Trochlear
(IV) Motor 5 Trigeminal (V) Both 6 Abducens
(VI) Motor 7 Facial (VII) Both
8 Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Sensory
9 Glossopharyngeal (IX) Both 10 Vagus
(X) Both 11 Accessory (XI) Motor 12 Hypogloss
al (XII) Motor
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Which Cranial Nerves Carry Preganglionic Parasympa
thetic Fibers Out Of The Brain?
Cranial Nerve Parasympathetic 1 Olfactory
(I) 2 Optic (II) 3 Oculomotor
(III) yes 4 Trochlear (IV) 5 Trigeminal
(V) 6 Abducens (VI) 7 Facial
(VII) yes 8 Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
9 Glossopharyngeal (IX) yes 10 Vagus
(X) yes 11 Accessory (XI) 12 Hypoglossal
(XII)
"hitch a ride on five"
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Four Parasympathetic Ganglia
Cranial Nerve Ganglia
3 Oculomotor (III) Ciliary 7
Facial (VII) Submandibular Pterygopalatin
e 9 Glossopharyngeal (IX) Otic 10 Vagus
(X) "in walls of organs"
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Introduction to Cranial Nerve Summary
1. Cranial nerves are either pure sensory, pure
motor or mixed with both sensory and motor
components. 2. Four of the cranial nerves carry
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers out of the
brain and three of these are associated with one
or more of the parasympathetic ganglia in the
head. 3. Four of the cranial nerves represent
the nerves which are associated with one or more
of the pharyngeal (branchial) arches.
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Cranial Nerves Associated with Pharyngeal
Arches Innervate Muscles Derived from the Arches
(5) (7) (9) (10) (10)
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Horner Syndrome Results From Injury to the
Cervical Sympathetic Trunk
asymmetry

• Constricted left pupil (meiosis)
• Mild drooping of the left eyelid (ptosis)
• Lack of sweating on the left side of face
  (anhydrosis)
• Flushed complexion on the left side of the
  face (vasodilation)

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Bells Palsy - Facial Nerve Paralysis
neutral position
smile
eyes closed
"asymmetry"
"inability to close tightly"
"slight droop"
"Bell's Palsy" is a paralysis of the Facial
nerve for no obvious reason. It may occur due to
exposure to cold or inflammation that occurs near
the stylomastoid foramen which compresses the
fibers.
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Summary of the Four Major Cranial Nerves-See Dr.
Tank Handout
5 Trigeminal (V) Great Sensory Nerve of the
Head 8 muscles (4 muscles mastication, 2 neck, 2
tensors)
7 Facial (VII) Glandular Nerve of the Head
(2 PS ganglia) muscles of facial expression, 2
neck, 1 middle ear taste sensory to ear
9 Glossopharyngeal (IX) Sensory Nerve of
Throat taste carotid body/sinus middle ear
sensory 1 muscle - stylopharyngeus m 1 PS
ganglia (otic) supplying 1 gland (parotid)
10 Vagus (X) Motor and sensory to pharynx and
larynx viscera PS