Unit III Protista

1
Unit IIIProtista

• Biology 1B
• Ms. Walters
• Spring Semester

2
Protista Basics

• 1st Eukaryotes to evolve
• About 1.5 billion years ago
• Through endosymbiosis
• Almost all aerobic
• Grouped by how they get their energy and what
  they resemble
• Animal like, plant like, fungus like

3
Animal like Protista (Protozoa)

• Common ancestors with animal
• Ingest their food, intracellular
• Mostly heterotrophic
• Grouped by how they move
• Flagella Phylum Zoomastigina
• Pseudopodia Phylum Sarcodina
• Cilia Phylum Ciliophora
• No movement Phylum Sporozoa

4
Phylum Zoomastigina

• A protozoan

5
Phylum Zoomastigina

• aka zooflagellates
• Generally absorb food through their cell
  membranes
• Reproduce by binary fission or sexually by
  gametes
• Can be free living in lakes or streams or
  parasitic

6
Phylum Zoomastigina

• Genus Trypanosoma
• Causes African sleeping sickness
• Vector - Tsetse fly
• 45,000
• new cases
• each year

7
(No Transcript)
8
waynesword.palomar.edu/ trnov01b.htm
9

• Giardia

10
Phylum Sarcodina

• A Protozoan

11
Phylum Sarcodina- amoeba

• Look like microscopic jelly
• Use pseudopodia
• Cytoplasmic movement move the pseudopods

12
(No Transcript)
13
Phylum Sarcodina- location

• In fresh water, slime at bottom of ponds and
  streams
• Live in hypotonic solution
• Contractile vacuole gets rid of extra water
• Exchange gasses through diffusion

14
Phylum Sarcodina- feeding

• Eat cells of algae and other protists
• Surround food w/ pseudopod
• ingest food vacuole
• Digestion by enzymes formed in cytoplasm

15
Phylum Sarcodina- Response

• No eye but are sensitive to light move to dark
  areas
• If conditions are bad will form a cyste

16
Phylum Sarcodina- Reproduction

• Binary division
• Surface area to volume ratio

17
Phylum Sarcodina-

• Radiolarians and Formniferins
• CaCO3 White Cliffs of Dover
• Heliozoans
• SiO2

http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/pond/protozoa.html
18
Phylum Sarcodina- Diseases

• Amebic Dysentery

www.irteams.org/newsletters/ su2001/irtnews-su200
1-2.htm
19
Phylum Ciliophora

• A Protozoan

20
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium

• Where to find them ?
• Quiet or stagnant ponds. (pond scum)
• How do they breathe?
• diffusion
• Shape?
• Slipper shape
• Anterior end head rounded
• Posterior end more pointed
• Shape is maintained by the thick outer membrane
  called the pellicle

www.op.net/finklesk/ images.html
21
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium
www.emc.maricopa.edu/.../farabee/
BIOBK/BioBookglossPQ.html
22
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium
www.bio102.net/bio102/ proto.htm
23
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium
www.biology.ualberta.ca/.../zool250/
Labs/Lab03/Lab03.htm
24
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium
www.biology.ualberta.ca/.../zool250/
Labs/Lab03/Lab03.htm
25
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium

• Movement
• Cilia -can beat forward or backward
• Exhibit avoidance reaction- trial or error
• Bump into
• something reverse
• turn and swim in
• the other direction
• Cirri-cilia bond
• together

mtlab.biol.tsukuba.ac.jp/.../ Chilomonas/parameciu
m.html
www.bio102.net/bio102/ proto.htm
26
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium

• Defense
• Trichocysts
• just inside of
• pellicle
• Shoot tiny
• threads of
• protoplasm

mtlab.biol.tsukuba.ac.jp/.../ Paramecium/caudatum
/td.html
27
Phylum Ciliophora - Paramecium

• Reproduction
• Macronuclei- normal cell activity
• Micronuclei- function during cell reproduction
• Cell fission
• Conjugation
• Exchange
• micronuclei

ebiomedia.com/gall/classics/
bioweb.uwlax.edu/.../
28
Phylum Sporozoa

• A Protozoan

29
Phylum Sporozoa

• All parasitic
• Many have two hosts
• Live by absorbing food from cells and body fluid
• Reproduction by spores
• Nucleus divides into many nuclei

30
Phylum Sporozoa

• Example Plasmodium
• Vector Anopheles
• Disease Malaria

www.biology.ualberta.ca/.../zool250/
Labs/Lab03/Lab03.htm www.liv.ac.uk/lstm/
pvbd/Pmcall.htm
www.liv.ac.uk/lstm/ pvbd/Pmcall.htm
31
post.queensu.ca/forsdyke/ pfalcip01.htm
32
www.africaguide.com/ health.htm
www.africaguide.com/ health.htm