BASIC CONCEPTS

1
BASIC CONCEPTS

• STRESS
• ADAPTATION

2
STRESS

• DEFINITION REACTION TO CHANGE
• AN ADJUSTMENT OR RESPONSE
• THAT CAN BE PHYSICAL, MENTAL
• OR EMOTIONAL
• HEALTHY ADAPTATION
• STABILIZE INTERNAL PROCESSES
• PRESERVE SELF ESTEEM

3
STRESS

• MALADAPTIVE
• DISRUPTS THE INTEGRITY OF THE INDIVIDUAL
• NEGATIVE OR UNHEALTHY

4
BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE

• FIGHT OR FLIGHT SYNDROME
• GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME
• ALARM REACTION STAGE
• STAGE OF RESISTANCE
• STAGE OF EXHAUSTION

5
EMVIROMENTAL EVENT

• RECENT LIFE CHANGES QUESTIONNAIRE
• DO WE KNOW IF STRESS PREDISPOSES OR ACTUALLY
  PRECIPITATES A PERSONS ILLNESS?

6
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SELF AND THE ENVIRONMENT

• ORGANISMS SUSCEPTIBILITY
• PERCIPITATING EVENT
• PREDISPOSING FACTORS

7
STRESS MANAGEMENT

• ADAPTIVE COPING STRATEGIES
• MALADAPTIVE COPING STRATEGIES

8
MENTAL HEALTH / MENTAL ILLNESS
9
HISTORICALLY

• PRIMATIVE BELIEFS
• HIPPOCRATES 400 B.C.
• MIDDLE AGES
• MIDDLE EASTERN ISLAMIC
• 16TH 17TH CENTURIES IN THE US
• 18TH AMERICA
• 19TH DOROTHEA DIX

10
MODERN LEADERS

• 1873 LINDA RICHARDS
• 1946 NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH ACT
• DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION
• COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS ACT
• SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY INSURANCE

11
ASSESSING MENTAL HEALTH

• MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
• SUCCESSFUL ADAPTATION TO STRESSORS FROM THE
  INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTS EVIDENCED BY
  THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, AND BEHAVIORS AGE
  APPROPRIATE AND CONGRUENT WITH LOCAL AND CULTURAL
  NORMS

12
MENTAL ILLNESS

• CULTURAL NORMS
• HOW PERSONS ARE PERCEIVED
• IMPACT OF FAMILY
• IMPACT OF SOCIAL CLASS
• IMPACT OF EDUCATION
• IMPACT OF RELIGION
• IMPACT OF GENDER

13
ANXIETY

• MILD
• MODERATE
• SEVERE
• PANIC

14
COPING MECHANISMS

• MILD
• MILD TO MODERATE
• MODERATE TO SEVERE
• SEVERE ANXIETY
• PANIC ANXIETY

15
GRIEF

• KUBLER ROSS 5 STAGES OF GRIEF
• REAL LOSS OR LOSS PERCEIVED BY THE INDIVIDUAL
• MOURNING

16
ANATICIPATORY GRIEF

• RESOLUTION

17
MALADAPTIVE GRIEF RESPONSE
18
MENTAL HEALTH / MENTAL ILLNESS CONTINUUM

• DSM IV-TR
• GRIEF
• ANXIETY
• MENTAL HEALTH MENTAL ILLNESS

19
MULTIAXIAL EVALUATION SYSTEM

• AXIS I
• AXIS II
• AXIS III
• AXIS IV
• AXIS V