The Five Kingdoms

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The Five Kingdoms

• Jen Hardy
• Grades 6-9
• Biology the kingdoms
• 40 mins

2
instructions

• Read and take note of important material relative
  to the learning objectives below. Copy the
  objectives on a piece of paper or print them
  before proceeding through the module. Visit each
  of the links embedded in the text for detailed
  information. Visit the required reading site(s)
  when you come to them. You may wish to visit the
  supplemental or optional sites to broaden your
  knowledge of this material. 

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At the conclusion of this presentation you should
have an understanding of

• Why we separate organisms into the kingdoms
• What are the five kingdoms
• What are the major charectoristics of the
  kingdoms
• How do the kingdoms differ from each other

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Lets see what you know
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1. What category is not a kingdom?

• Plant
• Monera
• Protista
• Invertebrate
• Fungi

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Not quite try again

• 1. What category s not a kingdom?
• Plant
• Monera
• Protista
• Invertebrate
• Fungi

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Good Job!!2. What kingdom is multi-celled and
produces its own energy

• Protista
• Animal
• Monera
• Planta
• Fungi

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Not quite lets try again

• 2. What kingdom is multi-celled and produces its
  own energy
• Protista
• Animal
• Monera
• Planta
• Fungi

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Great Job!!

• 3. The ameba is an example of what kingdom
• Monera
• Protista
• Fungi
• Planta
• animala

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Try again

• 3. The ameba is an example of what kingdom
• Monera
• Protista
• Fungi
• Planta
• animala

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Correct!!

• 4. Bacteria and blue green algae belong to this
  kingdom
• Animal
• Protist
• Plant
• Fungi
• mineral

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Try another answer

• 4. Bacteria and blue green algae belong to this
  kingdom
• Animal
• Protist
• Plant
• Fungi
• monera

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Great Job! Last question!!!!!

• What kingdom is multi cellular, move, and are
  heterotrophic
• Planta
• Animal
• Protista
• mineral

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Nope, Try again

• What kingdom is multi cellular, move, and are
  heterotrophic
• Plantar
• Animal
• Protista
• mineral

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Awesome job!!!Now lets learn more about the
kingdoms!
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How did the five kingdoms come about

• Today we classify all organisms into 5 kingdoms
  but that was not always the case
• Back in Aristotle's time all organisms were
  classified into 2 kingdoms, plant and animal
• It wasnt until the middle of the twentieth
  century that the classification system was
  broadened
• Do you know why???

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What caused the formation of the five kingdom
classification that we have today??

• The invention of the microscope allowed for
  people to further study known organisms cell
  structure, as well as discover unicellular
  organisms
• The five kingdom system which we use today was
  organized by RH Whittaker in 1969
• Linnaeus continues this work and broke this
  groups into phylum's and genus's

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What is in a kingdom??

• Because there is a great amount of diversity with
  in a kingdom, they are broken down into smaller
  categories,
• The breakdown goes like this..
• Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus,
  species
• Need help remembering these???

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Try this

• King Phillip Came Over For Good Spaghetti
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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what are the five kingdoms

• Monera
• Protist
• Fungus
• Plant
• Animal

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Monera
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Physical characteristics

• Size
• one celled organisms that can form colonies
• Cell structure
• Prokaryote (no true nucleus)
• no organelles
• cell membrane
• cell wall (some not all)

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How it obtains energy

• Depends on organism
• heterotrophic (obtains energy from outside
  source)
• decomposer
• parasite
• Autotrophic (obtains its own energy)
• photosynthesis

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How does it move
See how monera move

• Some have flagella
• Outward projections that aide in movement
• Usually parasites will have these projections
• Others have no organs which aide in
  transportation
• These usually live in the water

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Reproduction

• Conjugation- Process of genetic recombination
  between two organisms (bacteria or protists) via
  a cytoplasm bridge between them.
• Fission process of reproduction where the
  mother cell separates into two separate daughter
  cells

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Environmental Importance

• Decomposes waste
• Produces nitrogen, vitamins, and antibiotics
• Produces energy for other heterotrophes in the
  food chain

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Phylum's with in the kingdom

• Blue green algae
• autotrophic
• Ex. Blue green algae
• Bacteria
• Heterotrophic
• Ex. streptococcus

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Want to learn more about Monera?!?!

• http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/bacteria/bacteria.htm
  l
• http//fig.cox.miami.edu/faculty/Dana/monera.html
• http//www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/linK/life/monera
  .htmledumid
• http//mclibrary.nhmccd.edu/taxonomy/monera.html

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Protista
Want to see what a live j looks like
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Physical characteristics

• One celled
• Eukaryotes (have true nucleus)
• Organelles ( vacuoles, mitochondria etc. )
• Cell membrane
• Cell wall (some not all)

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How it obtains energy

• Heterotrophs (consumes energy)
• Absorption
• Trap or engulf
• Aututrophs ( produces energy)
• Photosynthesis (produces energy from light)
• Chemosynthesis (produces energy from chemicals)

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How does it move?

• Flagella (outward projections)
• Cilia (thin hairs that cover entire cell)
• Long whip like projections
• Pseudopodium (liquid which is released and
  brought back into the cell)

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Reproduction

• Conjugation
• Fission
• Sexual
• Asexual

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Environmental importance

• Produce oxygen
• Energy source in both land and ocean food chains
• Human food source

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Phylum's within this kingdom

• Algae
• Plant like
• Autotrophic
• Ex. Seaweeds, diatoms
• Protozoa
• Animal like
• Heterotrophs
• Ex. Ameba, paramecium

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Want to learn more about protista

• http//www.uwinnipeg.ca/simmons/chap2829/sld001.h
  tm
• http//www.gov.ns.ca/natr/wildlife/wns/WNS6.htm
• http//www.dalton.org/deptartments/science/science
  5/kingdoms/protists.html
• http//www.funsci.com/fun3_en/protists/journey.htm
  

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Fungus
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Physical characteristics

• Mostly multi-celled
• Eukaryotes (have nucleus)
• Have organelles
• Have cell membrane
• Have cell wall

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How fungi acquire energy

• Heterotrophic
• Decomposer
• Parasite
• Absorption
• partnership

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How does it move

• This kingdom does not move, by itself
• Some may live on a host and will move when the
  host moves

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Reproduction
budding

• Spores
• Asexual budding

spores
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Environmental importance

• Decompose waste
• Produce antibiotics
• Help make bread ( yeast)
• Used in fermentation process

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Learn more about fungus

• http//perspective.com/nature/fungi/
• http//zephyrus.co.uk/funguskingdom.html
• http//www.ucmp.berkley.edu/fungi/fungi.htmlhttp/
  /www.ucmp.berkley.edu/fungi/fungi.html
• http//mclibrary.nhmccd.edu/taxonomy/fungi.html

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Plants
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Physical Characteristics

• Multi-cellular
• Eukaryotes
• Organelles
• Vacuoles
• Chlorophyll
• Cell wall
• Root, stem and shoot systems

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How plants obtain energy

• Aututrophs
• Photosynthesis
• Give formula

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How does it move

• Not motile
• Have root system which keep them in one place
• Grow toward the light

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Reproduction

• Propagation
• Budding
• Grafting
• Cutting layering
• Seeds
• Many diverse methods depending on plant

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Environmental Importance

• Food source
• Medicine source
• Dyes
• Source converting carbon dioxide to oxygen
• Base of the food chain

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How does this kingdom get broken down

• Bryophytes
• Nonvascular plants
• Usually small and simple
• Ex. Mosses, liverworts
• Tracheophytes
• Vascular plants
• Larger, greater ability to circulate materials
• Ex. Trees, flowering plants, ferns

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links

• http//www.perspective.com/nature/plantae/
• http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/plants/plantae.html
• http//web1.manhattan.edu/fcardill/plants/intro/

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Animala
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Physical Characteristics

• Muliti-celluar
• Eukaryotes
• Organelles
• Vacuoles
• Cell membrane

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How do animals obtain energy

• Heterotrophs
• Prey on other animals
• Grazes on plants
• Parasites

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How does it move

• Muscular movement
• Water
• Soil
• Air

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Reproduction

• Asexual
• Sexual
• Variety of different methods

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Environmental importance

• Food source
• Labor
• Recreation

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How is this kingdom broken up

• Coelenterates
• Tentacles, hollow body cavity
• Ex. Hydra, Jellyfish
• Annelids
• Worms with segmented bodies
• Ex. earthworms
• Arthropods
• Exoskeleton, jointed legs
• Ex. Grasshoppers, lobster, spiders
• Chordates
• Have notochord, and backbone
• Ex. Mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, and amphibians

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links

• http//www.perspective.com/nature/animalia/
• http//animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/
• http//www.kidport.com/reflib/science/animals/anim
  als.htm
• http//enature.com/guides/select_group.asp

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Learn more
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