Phonetics and Phonology, part 1

1
Phonetics and Phonology, part 1

• getting to know the English consonants

2
Spelling vs. transcription

• We need phonetic transcription to adequately
  describe the sounds of English.

3
example allomorphy of IN-

• Up to now, we found 4 different realisations of
  IN-
• ltim-gt impossible
• ltin-gt indeterminable
• ltil-gt illogical
• ltir-gt irrational

4
Carefully compare the pronunciation of the
morpheme in the two sets of data below. Can you
detect a fifth allomorph of IN-?

• incongruent
• incomplete
• inconceivable
• incoherent

• indeterminable
• intolerable
• instable
• intransitive

5
allomorphy of IN-, new version)

• ltim-gt impossible
• ltil-gt illogical
• ltir-gt irrational
• ltin-gt indeterminable
• ltin-gt incoherent
• same spelling for two different sounds ltngt and
  ltngt!

6
What is the difference between ltngt in
indeterminable and ltngt in incoherent?

• I n d I t ?? m I n ? b l
• I N k ? N g r U ? n t
• n a voiced alveolar nasal consonant
• N a voiced velar nasal consonant
• exercise find other words in which the velar
  nasal consonant occurs!

7
allomorphy of IN-, final version

• 5 different realisations of IN-
• ltim-gt Im impossible
• ltin-gt In indeterminable
• ltin-gt IN incoherent
• ltil-gt Il illogical
• ltir-gt Ir irrational

8
phonetic transcription is necessary to
adequately describe the sounds of English.
the most common system of phonetic transcription
the system of the IPA (International Phonetic
Association)
9
Phonetics vs. Phonology

• Phonetics
• The study of the physical properties of speech
  sounds
• Different approachesacoustic phoneticsauditory
  phoneticsarticulatory phonetics

• Phonology
• The study of the sound system of a language.
• Languages categorise all physically possible
  speech sounds into a system.
• Languages make use of only some of all possible
  differences between speech sounds

10
Which criteria can be used to describe English
consonants?
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• place of articulation
• manner of articulation
• voicing

12
(No Transcript)
13
affricate
tS dZ
14
w
affricate
tS dZ
15
w
affricate
tS dZ
16
English consonants
German consonants that do not exist in English