Earth Science Chapter 6

1
Earth Science Chapter 6

• Earths Oceans Online Quiz

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2
The Three Major Oceans

• The Pacific Ocean
• The Atlantic Ocean
• The Indian Ocean

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3
Ocean Water

• Ocean water is a mixture of gases and solids
  dissolved in pure water.
• Salts
• 27.2 Sodium chloride
• 3.8 Magnesium chloride
• 1.7 Magnesium sulfate
• 1.3 Calcium sulfate
• 0.9 Potassium sulfate
• 0.1 Calcium carbonate
• 0.1 Magnesium bromide
• Temperature Zones of Water
• Surface Zone
• Thermocline
• Deep Zone

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4
The Ocean Floor

• The continental margin consists of a
• Continental shelf
• Continental slope
• Continental rise
• Features of the Ocean Floor
• Abyssal plains, seamounts, guyots, trenches,
  midocean ridges, rift valleys, and reefs

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5
Ocean Life Zones

• Life forms are classified by habits and depth in
  which they live
• There are three major ocean life zones
• Intertidal
• Neritic
• Open-ocean zones
• Bathyal
• Abyssal

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6
Mapping the Ocean Floor

• Mapping is done by indirect methods including
• Echo sounding
• Radar
• Sonar
• Seismographic surveys

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7
Motions of the Oceans

• Waves
• Get their energy from wind, earthquakes and tides
• Include crests, troughs, wavelength
• Wave height
• The difference in height between the crest and
  the trough
• Wave period
• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point
• Wave frequency
• The number of crests or troughs to pass a certain
  point in a certain amount of time

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8
Motions of the Oceans

• Currents
• Surface currents are caused mainly by wind
  patterns
• The Gulf Stream is a long-distance surface
  current
• Deep currents are caused by differences in the
  density of the ocean water

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9
Motions of the Oceans

• Tides
• Tides are the regular rise and fall of ocean
  water caused by the gravitational attraction
  among the Earth, moon, and sun

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10
Vocabulary

• Oceanographer
• Scientist who studies the ocean

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11
Vocabulary

• Salinity
• Term used to describe the amount of dissolved
  salts in ocean water

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12
Vocabulary

• Surface zone
• Zone where ocean water is mixed by waves and
  currents

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13
Vocabulary

• Thermocline
• Zone in which the temperature of ocean water
  drops rapidly

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14
Vocabulary

• Deep zone
• Area of extremely cold ocean water below the
  thermocline

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15
Vocabulary

• Shoreline
• Boundary where the land and the ocean meet

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16
Vocabulary

• Continental margin
• Area where the underwater edge of a continent
  meets the ocean floor

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17
Vocabulary

• Continental shelf
• Relatively flat part of a continental margin that
  is covered by shallow ocean water

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18
Vocabulary

• Continental slope
• Part of the continental margin at the edge of a
  continental shelf where the ocean floor plunges
  steeply 4 to 5 kilometers

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19
Vocabulary

• Continental rise
• Part of a continental margin that separates a
  continental slope from the ocean floor
• This is formed by sediments falling off of the
  continental slope

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20
Vocabulary

• Turbidity current
• Flow of ocean water that carries large amounts of
  sediments

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21
Vocabulary

• Submarine canyon
• Deep, V-shaped valley cut in the rock through a
  continental shelf and slope

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22
Vocabulary

• Abyssal plain
• Large flat area on the ocean floor

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23
Vocabulary

• Seamount
• Underwater volcanic mountain on the ocean floor

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24
Vocabulary

• Guyot
• Flat-topped seamount

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25
Vocabulary

• Trench
• V-shaped valley on the ocean floor where old
  ocean floor is subducted

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26
Vocabulary

• Midocean ridge
• Undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is
  produced

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27
Vocabulary

• Coral reef
• Large mass of limestone rocks surrounding a
  volcanic island in tropical waters near a
  continental shelf

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28
Vocabulary

• Fringing reef
• Coral reef that touches the shoreline of a
  volcanic island

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29
Vocabulary

• Barrier reef
• Coral reef separated from the shore of an island
  by an area of shallow water called a lagoon

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30
Vocabulary

• Atoll
• Ring of coral reefs surrounding an island that
  has been worn away and has sunk beneath the
  surface of the ocean

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31
Vocabulary

• Plankton
• Animals and plants that float at or near the
  surface of theocean

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32
Vocabulary

• Nekton
• Forms of ocean life that swim

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33
Vocabulary

• Benthos
• Organisms that live on the ocean floor

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34
Vocabulary

• Intertidal zone
• Coastal region that lies between the low-and
  high-tide lines

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35
Vocabulary

• Neritic zone
• Area of the ocean that extends from the low-tide
  line to the edge of the continental shelf

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36
Vocabulary

• Bathyal zone
• Open-ocean zone that begins at a continental
  slope and extends down about 2000 meters

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37
Vocabulary

• Abyssal zone
• Open-ocean zone that begins at a depth of about
  2000 meters and extends to an average depth of
  6000 meters

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38
Vocabulary

• Crest
• Highest point of a wave

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39
Vocabulary

• Trough
• Lowest point of a wave

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40
Vocabulary

• Wavelength
• Horizontal distance between two consecutive
  crests or two consecutive troughs

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41
Vocabulary

• Tsunami
• Giant sea wave produced by an earthquake

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42
Vocabulary

• Surface current
• Ocean current caused mainly by wind patterns

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43
Vocabulary

• Deep current
• Ocean current caused mainly by differences in the
  density of water deep in the ocean

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44
Vocabulary

• Upwelling
• Rising of deep, cold currents to the ocean surface

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45
Vocabulary

• Spring Tide
• Higher than usual high tide that occurs during
  the full moon and new moon phases

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46
Vocabulary

• Neap Tide
• Lower than usual high tide that occurs during the
  first and last quarter phases of the moon

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47
Question 1

• The three main oceans of the world are the
  Pacific, ___________, and Indian Oceans
• A) Mediterranean
• B) Arctic
• C) Atlantic

Hint
48
Question 1

• The three main oceans of the world are the
  Pacific, ___________, and Indian Oceans
• A) Mediterranean WRONG!
• B) Arctic
• C) Atlantic

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Hint
49
Question 1

• The three main oceans of the world are the
  Pacific, ___________, and Indian Oceans
• A) Mediterranean
• B) Arctic WRONG!
• C) Atlantic

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Hint
50
Question 1

• The three main oceans of the world are the
  Pacific, ___________, and Indian Oceans
• A) Mediterranean
• B) Arctic
• C) Atlantic CORRECT!

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51
The Three Major Oceans

• The Pacific Ocean
• The Atlantic Ocean
• The Indian Ocean

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52
Question 2

• The amount of dissolved salts in ocean water is
  called
• A) Salinity
• B) Upwelling
• C) Turbidity

53
Question 2

• The amount of dissolved salts in ocean water is
  called
• A) Salinity CORRECT!
• B) Upwelling
• C) Turbidity

Next Question
54
Question 2

• The amount of dissolved salts in ocean water is
  called
• A) Salinity
• B) Upwelling WRONG
• C) Turbidity

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Hint
55
Question 2

• The amount of dissolved salts in ocean water is
  called
• A) Salinity
• B) Upwelling
• C) Turbidity WRONG

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Hint
56
Vocabulary

• Salinity
• Term used to describe the amount of dissolved
  salts in ocean water

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57
Question 3

• The zone in the ocean where the temperature
  changes rapidly is called the
• Surface zone
• Thermocline
• Benthos

58
Question 3

• The zone in the ocean where the temperature
  changes rapidly is called the
• Surface zone WRONG
• Thermocline
• Benthos

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Hint
59
Question 3

• The zone in the ocean where the temperature
  changes rapidly is called the
• Surface zone
• Thermocline CORRECT!!
• Benthos

Next Question
60
Question 3

• The zone in the ocean where the temperature
  changes rapidly is called the
• Surface zone
• Thermocline
• Benthos WRONG

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Hint
61
Vocabulary

• Thermocline
• Zone in which the temperature of ocean water
  drops rapidly

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62
Question 4

• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point is called
  the
• Wave height
• Wavelength
• Wave period

63
Question 4

• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point is called
  the
• Wave height WRONG
• Wavelength
• Wave period

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Hint
64
Question 4

• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point is called
  the
• Wave height
• Wavelength WRONG
• Wave period

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Hint
65
Question 4

• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point is called
  the
• Wave height
• Wavelength
• Wave period CORRECT

Next Question
66
Motions of the Oceans

• Waves
• Get their energy from wind, earthquakes and tides
• Crests, troughs, wavelength
• Wave height
• The difference in height between the crest and
  the trough
• Wave period
• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point
• Wave frequency
• The number of crests or troughs to pass a certain
  point in a certain amount of time

Try Again
67
Question 5

• All ocean currents are caused by
• Winds and earthquakes
• Tides and water density
• Winds and water density

68
Question 5

• All ocean currents are caused by
• Winds and earthquakes WRONG
• Tides and water density
• Winds and water density

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Hint
69
Question 5

• All ocean currents are caused by
• Winds and earthquakes
• Tides and water density WRONG
• Winds and water density

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Hint
70
Question 5

• All ocean currents are caused by
• Winds and earthquakes
• Tides and water density
• Winds and water density CORRRECT!!

Next Question
71
Vocabulary

• Surface current
• Ocean current caused mainly by wind patterns

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72
Vocabulary

• Deep current
• Ocean current caused mainly by differences in the
  density of water deep in the ocean

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73
Question 6

• The most common source of energy for surface
  waves is
• Wind
• Earthquakes
• Tides

74
Question 6

• The most common source of energy for surface
  waves is
• Wind CORRECT!!
• Earthquakes
• Tides

Next Question
75
Question 6

• The most common source of energy for surface
  waves is
• Wind
• Earthquakes WRONG
• Tides

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Hint
76
Question 6

• The most common source of energy for surface
  waves is
• Wind
• Earthquakes
• Tides WRONG

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Hint
77
Motions of the Oceans

• Waves
• Get their energy from wind, earthquakes and tides
• Crests, troughs, wavelength
• Wave height
• The difference in height between the crest and
  the trough
• Wave period
• The amount of time it takes consecutive wave
  crests or troughs to pass a given point
• Wave frequency
• The number of crests or troughs to pass a certain
  point in a certain amount of time

Try Again
78
Question 7

• The deepest parts of the ocean are found in long,
  narrow crevices called
• Guyots
• Trenches
• Seamounts

79
Question 7

• The deepest parts of the ocean are found in long,
  narrow crevices called
• Guyots WRONG
• Trenches
• Seamounts

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Hint
80
Question 7

• The deepest parts of the ocean are found in long,
  narrow crevices called
• Guyots
• Trenches CORRECT!!
• Seamounts

Next Question
81
Question 7

• The deepest parts of the ocean are found in long,
  narrow crevices called
• Guyots
• Trenches
• Seamounts WRONG

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Hint
82
Vocabulary

• Trench
• V-shaped valley on the ocean floor where old
  ocean floor is subducted

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83
Question 8

• Organisms that live on the ocean floor are called
• Nekton
• Plankton
• Benthos

84
Question 8

• Organisms that live on the ocean floor are called
• Nekton WRONG
• Plankton
• Benthos

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Hint
85
Question 8

• Organisms that live on the ocean floor are called
• Nekton
• Plankton WRONG
• Benthos

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Hint
86
Question 8

• Organisms that live on the ocean floor are called
• Nekton
• Plankton
• Benthos CORRECT!!

Next Question
87
Vocabulary

• Benthos
• Organisms that live on the ocean floor

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88
Question 9

• The rising of deep cold currents to the ocean
  surface is called
• Surfing
• Upwelling
• Mapping

89
Question 9

• The rising of deep cold currents to the ocean
  surface is called
• Surfing WRONG
• Upwelling
• Mapping

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Hint
90
Question 9

• The rising of deep cold currents to the ocean
  surface is called
• Surfing
• Upwelling CORRECT!!
• Mapping

Next Question
91
Question 9

• The rising of deep cold currents to the ocean
  surface is called
• Surfing
• Upwelling
• Mapping WRONG

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Hint
92
Vocabulary

• Upwelling
• Rising of deep, cold currents to the ocean surface

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93
Question 10

• High tides that are higher than other high tides
  are called
• Spring Tides
• Tsunamis
• Neap Tides

94
Question 10

• High tides that are higher than other high tides
  are called
• Spring Tides CORRECT!!
• Tsunamis
• Neap Tides

Next Question
95
Question 10

• High tides that are higher than other high tides
  are called
• Spring Tides
• Tsunamis WRONG
• Neap Tides

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Hint
96
Question 10

• High tides that are higher than other high tides
  are called
• Spring Tides
• Tsunamis
• Neap Tides WRONG

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Hint
97
Vocabulary

• Spring tide
• Higher than usual high tide that occurs during
  the full moon and new moon phases

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98
Question 11

• The most abundant salt in the ocean is magnesium
  bromide.
• True False

99
Question 11

• The most abundant salt in the ocean is magnesium
  bromide.
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
100
Question 11

• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
  _____________.
• True False
• 
  RIGHT
• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
• Magnesium chloride
• Sodium chloride

101
Question 11

• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
  _____________.
• True False
• 
  RIGHT
• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
• Magnesium chloride WRONG
• Sodium chloride

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Hint
102
Question 11

• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
  _____________.
• True False
• 
  RIGHT
• The most abundant salt in the ocean is
• Magnesium chloride
• Sodium chloride CORRECT!!

Next Question
103
Ocean Water

• Ocean water is a mixture of gases and solids
  dissolved in pure water.
• Salts
• 27.2 Sodium chloride
• 3.8 Magnesium chloride
• 1.7 Magnesium sulfate
• 1.3 Calcium sulfate
• 0.9 Potassium sulfate
• 0.1 Calcium carbonate
• 0.1 Magnesium bromide
• Temperature Zones of Water
• Surface Zone
• Thermocline
• Deep Zone

Try Again
104
Question 12

• The lowest point of a wave is called the crest.
• True False

105
Question 12

• The lowest point of a wave is called the crest.
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
106
Question 12

• The lowest point of a wave is called the crest.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The lowest point of a wave is called the
  __________.
• Wavelength
• Trough

107
Question 12

• The lowest point of a wave is called the crest.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The lowest point of a wave is called the
  __________.
• Wavelength WRONG
• Trough

Hint
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108
Question 12

• The lowest point of a wave is called the crest.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The lowest point of a wave is called the
  __________.
• Wavelength
• Trough CORRECT!!

Next Question
109
Vocabulary

• Trough
• Lowest point of a wave

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110
Question 13

• The Gulf Stream is a long-distance surface
  current
• True False

111
Question 13

• The Gulf Stream is a long-distance surface
  current
• True False
• CORRECT!!

Next Question
112
Question 13

• The Gulf Stream is a long-distance surface
  current
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
113
Motions of the Oceans

• Currents
• Surface currents are caused mainly by wind
  patterns
• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• The Gulf Stream is a long-distance surface
  current
• Deep currents are caused by differences in the
  density of the ocean water

Try Again
114
Question 14

• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• True False

115
Question 14

• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
116
Question 14

• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• True False
• RIGHT
• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of _________.
• The moon
• The sun

117
Question 14

• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• True False
• RIGHT
• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of _________.
• The moon CORRECT!!
• The sun

Next Question
118
Question 14

• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of Jupiter.
• True False
• RIGHT
• Tides are caused mainly by the gravitational
  attraction of _________.
• The moon
• The sun WRONG

Hint
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119
Motions of the Oceans

• Tides
• Tides are the regular rise and fall of ocean
  water caused by the gravitational attraction
  among the Earth, moon, and sun

Try Again
120
Question 15

• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a continental
  slope.
• True False

121
Question 15

• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a continental
  slope.
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
122
Question 15

• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a continental
  slope.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a
  ___________________________
• Continental rise
• Continental shelf

123
Question 15

• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a continental
  slope.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a
  ___________________________
• Continental rise WRONG
• Continental shelf

Hint
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124
Question 15

• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a continental
  slope.
• True False
• RIGHT
• The relatively flat part of a continental margin
  covered by shallow water is called a
  ___________________________
• Continental rise
• Continental shelf CORRECT!!

Next Question
125
Vocabulary

• Continental shelf
• Relatively flat part of a continental margin that
  is covered by shallow ocean water

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126
Question 16

• Spring tides occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• True False

127
Question 16

• Spring tides occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• True False
• WRONG

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Hint
128
Question 16

• Spring tides occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• True False
• RIGHT
• __________ occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• Summer tides
• Neap tides

129
Question 16

• Spring tides occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• True False
• RIGHT
• __________ occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• Summer tides WRONG
• Neap tides

Hint
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130
Question 16

• Spring tides occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• True False
• RIGHT
• __________ occur during the first-and
  last-quarter phases of the moon.
• Summer tides
• Neap tides CORRECT!!

End Quiz
131
Vocabulary

• Neap Tide
• Lower than usual high tide that occurs during the
  first and last quarter phases of the moon

Try Again
132
Youre Done!!

• Congratulations!! You have just prepared for the
  chapter test. Keep it up!!