Title: ANTE TODO
1- ANTE TODO
- In order to talk about activities, you need to
use verbs. Verbs express actions or states of
being. - In English and Spanish, the infinitive is the
base form of the verb. - In English, the infinitive is preceded by the
word to - to study, to be.
- The infinitive in Spanish is a one-word form and
can be recognized by its endings ar, er, or
ir.
2Present tense of estudiar
- estudiar (to study)
- SINGULAR FORMS
yo estudio I study
tú estudias you study (fam.)
Ud. / él / ella estudia you (form.) / he / she studies
3Present tense of estudiar
- estudiar (to study)
- PLURAL FORMS
nosotros/as estudiamos we study
vosotros/as estudiáis you study (fam.)
Uds. / ellos / ellas estudian you (form.) / they study
4Conjugation of ar verbs
- To create the forms of most regular verbs in
Spanish, you drop the infinitive endings (ar,
er, ir). - You then add to the stem the endings that
correspond to the different subject pronouns.
INFINITIVE VERB STEM CONJUGATED FORM
estudiar ? estudi- ? yo estudio
bailar ? bail- ? tú bailas
trabajar ? trabaj- ? nosotros trabajamos
5Common ar verbs
bailar to dance desayunar to have breakfast
buscar to look for descansar to rest
caminar to walk desear ( inf.) to desire to wish
cantar to sing dibujar to draw
cenar to have dinner enseñar to teach
comprar to buy escuchar to listen (to)
contestar to answer esperar ( inf.) to wait (for) to hope
conversar to converse, to chat estudiar to study
6Common ar verbs
explicar to explain preguntar to ask (a question)
hablar to talk to speak preparar to prepare
llegar to arrive regresar to return
llevar to carry terminar to end to finish
mirar to look (at) to watch tomar to take to drink
necesitar ( inf.) to need trabajar to work
practicar to practice viajar to travel
7- ATENCIÓN!
- The Spanish verbs buscar, escuchar, esperar, and
mirar do not need to be followed by prepositions
as they do in English. - Busco la tarea. Escucho la música.
- Im looking for the homework. Im listening to
the music. - Espero el autobús. Miro la pizarra.
- Im waiting for the bus. Im
looking at the blackboard.
8COMPARE CONTRAST
- Compare the verbs in the English sentences to the
verb in the Spanish equivalent. - Paco trabaja en la cafetería.
- 1. Paco works in the cafeteria.
- 2. Paco is working in the cafeteria.
- 3. Paco does work in the cafeteria.
- English uses three sets of forms to talk about
the present - 1) the simple present (Paco works),
- 2) the present progressive (Paco is working),
- 3) the emphatic present (Paco does work).
- In Spanish, the simple present can be used in all
three cases.
9COMPARE CONTRAST
- In both Spanish and English, the present tense is
also sometimes used to express future action. - Marina viaja a Madrid mañana.
- 1. Marina travels to Madrid tomorrow.
- 2. Marina will travel to Madrid tomorrow.
- 3. Marina is traveling to Madrid tomorrow.
10- In Spanish, as in English, when two verbs are
used together with no change of subject, the
second verb is generally in the infinitive. - Deseo hablar con don Francisco.
- I want to speak with Don Francisco.
- Necesitamos comprar cuadernos.
- We need to buy notebooks.
11- To make a sentence negative in Spanish, the word
no is placed before the conjugated verb. - In this case, no means not.
- Ellos no miran la televisión.
- They dont watch television.
- Alicia no desea bailar ahora.
- Alicia doesnt want to dance now.
12- Spanish speakers often omit subject pronouns
because the verb endings indicate who the subject
is. - In Spanish, subject pronouns are used for
emphasis, clarification, or contrast.
Clarification / Contrast Qué enseñan ellos?
Ella enseña arte y él enseña física. What do
they teach? She teaches art, and he teaches
physics. Emphasis Quién desea trabajar hoy?
Yo no deseo trabajar hoy. Who wants to work
today? I dont want to work today.
13- INTÉNTALO! Provide the present tense forms of
these verbs. - (hablar)
- 1. Yo ____ español.
- 2. Ellos ____ español.
- 3. Inés ____ español.
- 4. Nosotras ____ español.
- 5. Tú ____ español.
- 6. Los estudiantes ____ español.
- 7. Usted ____ español.
- 8. Javier y yo ____ español.
- 1 of 3?
14- INTÉNTALO! Provide the present tense forms of
these verbs. - (trabajar)
- 1. Ustedes ____ mucho.
- 2. Juanita y yo ____ mucho.
- 3. Nuestra profesora ____ mucho.
- 4. Tú ____ mucho.
- 5. Yo ____ mucho.
- 6. Las chicas ____ mucho.
- 7. Él ____ mucho.
- 8. Tú y Álex ____ mucho.
- ?2 of 3?
15- INTÉNTALO! Provide the present tense forms of
these verbs. - (desear)
- 1. Usted ___ viajar.
- 2. Yo ___ viajar.
- 3. Nosotros ___ viajar.
- 4. Lourdes y Luz ___ viajar.
- 5. Tú ___ viajar.
- 6. Ella ___ viajar.
- 7. Marco y yo ___ viajar.
- 8. Ustedes ___ viajar.
- ?3 of 3