Progressive Era

1
Progressive Era

• 1900-1920

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Social Darwinism

• The idea that people and societies compete for
  survival, with the fit becoming wealthy and
  successful while the weak struggle to survive.
• Examples Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
• Government should stay out of peoples lives

3
Progressivism

• Reform movement concerned with curing the ills
  caused by industrialization.
• Many different views on how to fix the ills of
  society

4
Theodore Roosevelt

• Roosevelt emerged spectacularly as a "trust
  buster" by forcing the dissolution of a great
  railroad combination in the Northwest. Other
  antitrust suits under the Sherman Act followed.
• Some of Roosevelt's most effective achievements
  were in conservation.

5
William Taft

• William Howard Taft (1857-1930)--Republican
  President of the United States from 1909 to 1913.
  The United States' most corpulent chief
  executive, Taft stayed close to the policies of
  Roosevelt at the beginning of his term. Later in
  his presidency, however, Taft favored
  conservative measures, such as a high protective
  tariff, and lost popularity.
• His administration initiated 80 antitrust suits
  and submitted to the states amendments for a
  Federal income tax and the direct election of
  Senators. A postal savings system was
  established, and the Interstate Commerce
  Commission was directed to set railroad rates.
• Broke more trust than Teddy Roosevelt

6
Woodrow Wilson

• The Underwood Act-which called for income tax
• The passage of the Federal Reserve
• In 1914 antitrust legislation established a
  Federal Trade Commission to prohibit unfair
  business practices.
• Another burst of legislation followed in 1916.
  One new law prohibited child labor another
  limited railroad workers to an eight-hour day.

7
Upton Sinclair

• Muckraker
• President Theodore Roosevelt read The Jungle and
  ordered an investigation of the meat-packing
  industry. He also met Sinclair and told him that
  while he disapproved of the way the book preached
  socialism he agreed that "radical action must be
  taken to do away with the efforts of arrogant and
  selfish greed on the part of the capitalist."
• With the passing of the Pure Food and Drugs Act
  (1906) and the Meat Inspection Act (1906),
  Sinclair was able to show that novelists could
  help change the law.

8
Lincoln Steffens

• Muckraker
• In 1892 Steffens became a reporter on the New
  York Evening Post. Later he became editor of
  McClure's Magazine, where he became associated
  with the style of investigative journalism that
  became known as muckraking. One of Steffen's
  major investigations involved exposing local
  government corruption. A collection of Steffen's
  articles appeared in the book The Shame of the
  Cities (1904). This was followed by an
  investigation into state politicians, The
  Struggle for Self-Government (1906).

9
Jacob Riis

• Muckraker
• When Jacob A. Riis, a police reporter in New
  York, began his personal campaign to expose the
  misery of the underprivileged living in the
  crime-infested slums of the lower East side, he
  soon found that the printed word was not
  sufficiently convincing, and so he turned to
  photography by flashlight.

10
Carrie Chapman Catt

• Key coordinator of the woman suffrage movement
  and skillful political strategist, Carrie (Lane)
  Chapman Catt revitalized the National American
  Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and played a
  leading role in its successful campaign to win
  voting rights for women. In 1920 she founded the
  League of Women Voters upon ratification of the
  Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

11
Jane Addams

• Jane Addams is remembered primarily as a founder
  of the Settlement House Movement. She and her
  friend Ellen Starr founded Hull House in the
  slums of Chicago in 1889. She is also remembered
  as the first American Woman to receive the Nobel
  Peace Prize.

12
Robert La Follette

• Nicknamed Fighting Bob he crusaded relentlessly
  for reforms that expanded democracy, increased
  government efficiency and protected natural
  resources.
• Responsible for establishing Direct Primaries
• Initiative, Referendum and Recall

13
Ida Tarbell

• Muckraker
• She was a part of a group of journalist known as
  the muckrakers.
• She was the journalist who single-handedly caused
  John D. Rockefeller's mighty Standard Oil Company
  to crumble in the early 1900s.

14
John Muir

• John Muir (April 21, 1838 - December 24, 1914)
  was an environmentalist, naturalist, traveler,
  writer, and scientist. He is, however, probably
  best remembered as one of the greatest champions
  of the Yosemite area's natural wonders.
• Mr. Stewarts Hero

15
William E.B. Du Bois

• Very active in the fight for social justice for
  African-Americans .
• Helped start the NAACP in 1909 (National
  Association for the Advancement of Colored People

16
Alice Paul

• A brilliant organizer and activist, Alice Paul
  believed that women would never be given the
  vote they had to demand it.
• In the U.S., she joined the National American
  Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) in 1910
• She was instrumental in bringing about
  ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920
• Use of protest, Controversial

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