Semester 1 Review

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Semester 1 Review
Chapters 1 - 12
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Ch 1 Matter Measurements element -
molecule extensive intensive microscopic-
macroscopic pure substances mixtures homogeneous
heterogeneous metric prefixes dimensional
analysis precision accuracy significant figures
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Ch 2 Atoms Elements atomic theory /
history isotopes / abundance Avogadros / molar
mass periodic table family names periods
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Ch 3 Molecules Ions elements ?
ions monatomic/polyatomic ions CEH2,3 molar
mass atomic mass mole concept
composition empirical formula water of
hydration mass spectophotometry Coulombs Law
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Ch 4 Chemical Equations Stoichiometry Law of
Conservation of Mass mass-mass problems limiting
reactants percent yield
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Ch 5 Reactions in Aqueous Solution electrolytes/
non-electrolytes solubility rules common
acids/bases CEH4 strong/weak acids/bases metathe
sis reactions CEH9 oxidation numbers redox
reactions CEH8,11 preparation of
solutions solution stoichiometry
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Reaction Type Driving Force
precipitation insoluble cmpd
acid-base molecular water
gas forming molecular gas
redox transfer of e-
NET IONIC EQUATIONS
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Ch 6 Energy Chemical Changes temperatue -
heat joule system - surroundings exothermic -
endothermic specific heat capacity heat of
fusion heat of vaporization state path
functions enthalpy of formation heat of reaction
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Ch 7 Atomic Structure c ln electromagnetic
radiation l E hn line emission energy
level sub-level orbital shapes electron spin
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Quantum Numbers Principal QN (n 1,2,
..) Angular Momentum QN (l 0,1,, n-1) Magnetic
QN (ml l) Spin QN (ms ½)
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Ch 8 Electron Configuration Chemical
Periodicity electron configuration energy level
diagram electron dot structure paramagnetic/diamag
netic Pauli exclusion principal Hunds Rule
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Chemical Periodicity atomic size ionization
energy electron affinity chemistry of elements
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Ch 9 Bonding Molecular Structure ionic
covalent bonding lattice energy Lewis
structures resonance structures formal charge
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electronegativity Trends in bond order bond
length bond dissociation energy VSEPR
theory Electron pair geometry molecular
geometry molecular polarity ALL tables figures
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Ch 10 Orbital Hybridization Molecular
Orbitals valence bond theory molecular orbital
theory s and p bonds hybrids structure
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• Ch 11 Carbon Chemistry
• Nomenclature CEH6
• isomers
• and p bonds
• Alkanes
• C C
• Alkenes
• C C
• Alkynes
• C C

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Aromatics
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alcohols R OH amines R NH2
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aldehyde
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ketone
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carboxylic acid
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ester
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amide
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addition reactions H2C CH2 HX ? H2C - CH2
H X where X F, Cl, Br, I, OH, H
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addition polymers HC CH H X ? H H
H H H H
.C C - C C C C.
H X H X H X
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condensation polymers
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Chapter 12

• Gases and Their Properties

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Combined Gas Law Fixed Amount of Gas

• Covers Charless and Boyles Laws

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Ideal Gas Law PV nRT

• n m/M
• Derive Density of a Gas
• Derive molar mass of a gas

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van der Waals Equation
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Daltons Law of Partial Pressures

• PT P1 P2 P3 .
• Gas collected over water
• PA ?A P(Total)

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Grahams Law