Subjektivn

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METHODS OF SUBJECTIVE EXAMINATION
MUDr. Pavel Stodulka,PhD. stodulka_at_bnzlin.cz www.L
ASIK.cz
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VISUAL ACUITY
The eye can distinguish two points as separte
when the angle of view is 1 or greater. Then the
points stimulate cones leaving at least one
between them unstimulated.
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VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION
FAR DISTANCE

• optotypes
• 6 meters
• V 6/6 6/60
• first right eye, left, both

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Snellens optotype / chart
T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P
V N H F O F C U F
O V P T
60
36
24
12
10
7,5
6
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Visual acuity examination far distance
T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P
V N H F O F C U F
O V P T
V 6/60 0,1
60
36
24
V 6/12 0,5
12
10
7,5
V 6/6 1,0
6
6
logarithmical optotype
Landolts C / opened rings
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VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION
FAR DISTANCE

• full-line method
• threshold method at least 50 right

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T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P
V N H F O F C U F
O V P T
1. full-line method
2. threshold method
60
V 6/12
V 6/24
36
24
12
10
7,5
6
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EXAMINATION of weak-sighted

• optotypes from 6 meters
• optotypes from 1 meters
• optotypes from 0,5 m
• finger counting from 1m to 20cm
• hand motion in front of the eye
• light perception, light projection

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Visual acuity examination of weak-sighted from 1m
T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P
V N H F O F C U F
O V P T
V 1/60
60
36
24
V 1/12
12
10
7,5
V 1/6
6
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EXAMINATION of weak-sighted

• optotypes from 6 meters
• optotypes from 1 meters
• optotypes from 0,5 m
• finger counting from 1m to 20cm
• hand motion in front of the eye
• light perception, light projection

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T F U N O V V P O Z N C U F O D L P
V N H F O F C U F
O V P T
Practical (legal) blindness
60
V 1/36 (from 1 meter)
36
24
12
10
7,5
6
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VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION
close distance

• 35 centimeters
• Jagers chart
• from nr. 1 to nr. 14
• first right eye, left, both

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REFRACTION EXAMINATION

• OBJECTIVE - skiaskopy
• - autorefractometer
• SUBJECTIVE -
• optotypes glasses case

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OTHER SUBJECTIVE EYE EXAMINATIONS

• contrast sensitivity
• adaptation to the darkness
• colour sense

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COLOUR SENSE

• wave length 380 - 760 nm
• blue 450nm
• green 550nm
• red 580nm

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COLOUR SENSE
pseudoisochromatic charts
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pseudoisochromatic charts
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PERIMETRY
examination of the visual field
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PERIMETRY

• COMPUTER-ASSISTED PERIMETRY
• static qvantitative perimetry
• GOLDMANNS PERIMETER
• kinetic perimetry

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Computer- assisted perimeter
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PERIMETRY
SCOTOMA defect in visual field
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SCOTOMA

• ABSOLUTE - doesnt see anything
• RELATIVE - decreased visual
  sensitivity

• POSITIVE - realizes that
• NEGATIVE doesnt realize that

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PHYZIOL. SCOTOMA

• blind spot
• place where the optic nerve enters the retina

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BREAK !