Unit 5: Nationalism, Sectionalism, and Economic Growth

1
Unit 5 Nationalism, Sectionalism, and Economic
Growth

• SOL VA. US. 6a-d

2
Nationalism
Love for ones country
3
Love for ones region or section of a country
Sectionalism
4
Following the War of 1812, Americans had a sense
of national pride
Era of Good Feelings
James Monroe 5th President
Political Economic Nationalism Develops
5
Political Nationalism
Marshall Court
Goal
Strengthen National Government
6
Marshall Court Decisions
McCulloch v. Maryland Can States tax National
Programs?
1) States cannot tax the national government
National Government over State Governments
2) National Bank was legal
Reinforced the doctrine of implied powers
National Bank
7
Gibbons v. Ogden
Q Who has the power to regulate navigation?
NY State gives steamboat ferry monopoly to Ogden
A National government controls interstate
commerce (trade)
8
Political Foreign Policy
Nationalist Goals
Establish presence in world affairs
Expand secure borders
9
Adams Onis Treaty
Spain agreed to give up Florida to the United
States
10
Monroe Doctrine
America warns Europe to stay out of the Western
Hemisphere
11
Economic Nationalism
Henry Clay American System
Goal
To strengthen the American economy
How?
Improved Transportation
National Bank
Protective Tariffs
12
Provide low interest loans to expand business
industry
Re-chartered in 1816 By Republicans
National Bank
13
Protective Tariff
Allows American businesses to grow
Tax on imports
14
Improved Transportation
Allows people and goods to move throughout the
country faster
Canals
Roads
Internal Improvements Bill vetoed by James
Madison James Monroe
15
Economic Nationalism leads to Sectional
Specialization
The United States was growing
The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 doubled the size
of the United States
Each section develops own unique economy
16
Industrialization Northeast
Factory System expands
Samuel Slater Father of the Factory System
Machine Spinning Jenny
Factors that lead to industrialization
17
- Rivers and streams
- Capital resources
- Poor agricultural conditions
- Large labor supply
18
Lowell System
All in one production facility
Factory Girls
New England becomes the center of textile
production
19
Plantation Agriculture South

• The Cotton Gin
• Increased
• Productivity
• of Plantations
• Cash-Crop Economy
• King Cotton

20
Diversified Farming West
Fertile farmland in Ohio and Mississippi River
Valleys
- Attracts people from the east and Europe
21
Small farms give way to specialized farms
Wheat
- Northern Plains
Corn and Livestock
-Ohio River Valley
Tobacco
- Kentucky
22
Northeastern Needs
Southern Cotton
Western food
23
Southern Needs
Northern Manufactured Goods
Western Food
24
Western Needs
Northern Manufactured Goods
25
Demands of the National Economy promotes the
Transportation Revolution
Roads
Canals
Steamboats
Trains
26
Turnpikes (Toll Roads)
- Built by private companies from 1800 -1825
- Cumberland Road Allowed wagon traffic from the
seaboard to the Ohio River Valley
27
Erie Canal
Clintons Big Ditch
Opened in 1825
- Linked New York City with New Orleans
28
Steamboats Faster river travel
29
Most important change of the Transportation
Revolution
Fast, Reliable, and cheaper than canals
Trains
30
The Transportation Revolution led to the
development of the National Economy
North
West
South
31
Inventions
Eli Whitney
Cotton Gin removed seeds from cotton fiber
Provides the mills with large quantities of
cotton to turn into cloth
Interchangeable Parts
Mass production of machine equipment
32
John Deere the Steel Plow
33
Cyrus McCormick the Mechanical Reaper
34
Samuel F. B. Morse
1840 Telegraph
35
Elias Howe Isaac Singer
1840sSewing Machine
36
Robert Fulton the Steamboat
The Clermont
37
American Population Centers in 1820
38
American Population Centers in 1860
Transportation Revolution led to the spreading of
American Population
39
POTENTIAL EXPANSION PROBLEM
SLAVERY
40
Missouri Compromise (1820)

• Missouri applies for statehood in 1819
• Senate 11 free states 11 slave states

41
The Compromise

• Missouri enters Union as a slave state
• Maine enters Union as a free state
• A line is drawn at 36/30
• Above it Free
• Below it Slave
• Compromise Created by Henry Clay

42
(No Transcript)
43
Growing Sectionalism
44
Henry ClayKY
Andrew Jackson TN
John Quincy AdamsMA
William H. CrawfordGA
1824 Presidential Election
45
Results of the 1824 Election
A Corrupt Bargain?
46
1828 Election Results
47
Voting Requirements in the Early 19c
Impact of decreasing property ownership
requirements?
More common people can vote
48
Voter Turnout 1820 - 1860