NUCLEIC ACIDS

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LIPIDS
PROTEINS (POLYPEPTIDES)
PROTEINS
PROTEINS
MONOSACCHARIDES
CELLULOSE
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOTIDES
NUCLEIC ACIDS
FATTY ACIDS GLYCEROL
LIPIDS
AMINO ACIDS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
CARBOHYDRATES (POLYSACCHARIDES, COMPLEX SUGARS)
POLYSACCHARIDES
STRUCTURAL fibrous protein that provides
elasticity to skin.
GLYCOGEN (or animal starch)
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Contain the elements CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN,
NITROGEN and SULPHUR.
Are NOT considered to be polymers, as there are a
variety of structural units.
Primary role is that of storing of energy.
Nitrogenous bases of DNA are Adenine, Cytosine,
Guanine and Thymine. In RNA Uracil replaces
Thymine.
Contain the elements CARBON, HYDROGEN and OXYGEN.
STARCH (amylose)
structurally similar to fats but a phosphate
group replaces one of the fatty acid chains, thus
giving this molecule a POLAR and NON-POLAR
region. Structurally form two layers to create
the plasma membrane vital to all cells.
Four structural levels PRIMARY, SECONDARY,
TERTIARY and QUATERNARY.
There are 20 amino acids that differ structurally
in the R-GROUP, with only methionine and cysteine
containing sulphur.
Contain the elements CARBON, HYDROGEN and OXYGEN.
Two monosaccharides joined together form
DISACCHARIDES, such as sucrose (glucose and
fructose) and maltose (glucose and glucose).
is the hereditary material that can self
replicate and be passed on from parent
cell/organism to daughter cell/organism.
Contain the elements CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN,
NITROGEN and PHOSPHOROUS.
STEROIDS
All contain FATTY ACIDS that consist of chains of
carbon and hydrogen.
contains the information (in genes) for the
instructions for making proteins.
As a monomer, primarily role is that of an energy
source.
a string of glucose monomers. Used by plants for
energy storage.
simplest is CHOLESTEROL that consists of a 4
ringed carbon structure and has a structural role
in the plasma membrane. Other steroids act as
HORMONES, eg testosterone and progesterone.
Made up of phosphate group, ribose sugar and
nitrogenous base.
Monosaccharides form carbon-ring structures (5C
fructose or 6C glucose).
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