England Develops Democracy

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England Develops Democracy
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England Develops Democracy

• Learning Points
• Understand the origins of the Magna Carta and the
  English Bill of Rights
• Analyze the history of Britain

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England Develops Democracy

• England was a former Roman colony that had
  converted to Christianity.
• After 400, they turned to feudalism as a form of
  government.

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England Develops Democracy

• Feudalism
• A loosely organized system of rule where a lord
  divides his land among lesser lords
• KING (1)
• Lord (4)
• knight (15)
• Peasant (80)

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England Develops Democracy

• 1066 The Anglo-Saxons battled the Normans for
  the throne of England.
• The Norman, William the Conqueror won.
• All lords had to swear allegiance to him.
• Did a census and made efficient tax system

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England Develops Democracy

• What is feudalism?

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England Develops Democracy

• 1154 Henry II established the English common
  law with professional judges and a legal code.
• Used over all of England
• Reintroduced the jury

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England Develops Democracy

• Henrys son John funded wars in France and with
  the church by heavy taxes and abuses on the
  nobles.
• They rebelled and forced him to sign a guarantee
  of their rights
• The Magna Carta

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England Develops Democracy

• The Magna Carta protected
• Nobles privileges
• Everyone has freedom from arbitrary arrest
• The right against taxes not passed by a council
  of nobles

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England Develops Democracy

• The council of nobles came to be called
  Parliament and is still used today.
• Every time a king needed money, he needed to give
  more rights to the people.
• House of Lords
• House of Commons

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England Develops Democracy

• Following the Hundred Years War, Henry VIII came
  to power (1509-47)
• Split with the Catholic Church.
• England becomes the most powerful Protestant
  nation.

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England Develops Democracy

• Name two things the Magna Carta protected.

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England Develops Democracy

• His daughter Elizabeth I (1558-1603) took over
  and led England into a firmly Protestant golden
  age.

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England Develops Democracy

• How did Parliament help the British people gain
  more freedom?

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England Develops Democracy

• When Elizabeth died without an heir, a Catholic
  family (Stuarts) took the throne and began
  fighting with Protestants and Parliament.
• Absolute monarchs

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England Develops Democracy

• 1642-1649 The English Civil War
• A Puritan general named Oliver Cromwell defeated
  the Stuarts and executed the king.

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England Develops Democracy

• People quickly tired of Cromwells Puritan Rule
  of the Saints and restored the executed kings
  son to rule.
• His brother was a strong Catholic and another
  civil war looked likely

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England Develops Democracy

• Parliament invited some Dutch protestant royalty
  to take the throne on the condition they sign a
  bill of rights.

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England Develops Democracy

• They accept and William and Mary take the throne
  in a bloodless revolution.
• The English Bill of Rights created

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England Develops Democracy

• No cruel punishment
• No excessive fines
• The right of habeas corpus
• The accused must be charged with a crime before
  they can be put in jail.

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England Develops Democracy

• Who created the Rule of Saints in England?