Scientific Classification of Plants

1
Scientific Classification of Plants

• 17.00 Apply procedures used in horticultural
  plant identification including scientific
  classification

2
Taxonomy

• The science of classifying and identifying plants
• Scientific names are used because the same common
  name is used for different plants in different
  areas of the world.

3
Karl von Linne

• Swedish botanist that developed the binomial
  system of naming plants using two Latin words to
  indicate the genus and species.
• Linne changed his name to the Latin name Carolus
  Linneaus.

4
Scientific Names

• Latin is the language used for scientific
  classification.
• The first word is the genus and the second word
  is the species. If there are additional words,
  they indicate a variety or cultivar.

5
Genus vs. Species

• Plants in the same genus have similar
  characteristics.
• Plants in the same species consistently produce
  plants of the same type.

6
Scientific Classification

• The broadest category of scientific
  classification is the Kingdom--either plant or
  animal.
• The broadest category in the plant kingdom is
  division or phylum.

7
Divisions

• The four most important divisions of the plant
  kingdom are
• Thallophites
• Bryophytes
• Pteriophytes
• Spermatophytes

8
Spermatophytes

• Contains flowering or seed-bearing plants
• Two subdivisions are
• Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

9
Common Plant Genus

• Pinus-Pine
• Acer-Maple
• Ilex-Holly
• Ficus-fig

• Cornus-dogwood
• Rhododendron-rhododendron
• Quercus-oak

10
Growth Habits

• Trees
• shrubs
• vines

11
Form

• Columnar
• Spreading
• Weeping
• Round
• Oval
• Pyramidal

12
Growth Forms
Spreading
Columnar
Weeping
13
Growth Forms
Round
Pyramidal
Oval
14
Foliage Retention

• Evergreen
• Deciduous

15
Plant Parts-Leaves

• Arrangement
• Shapes
• Color
• Vein pattern
• Form (simple or compound)
• Margin
• Surface

16
Leaf Arrangement
Alternate
Opposite
Whorled
17
Leaf Shapes
18
Vein Pattern
Palmate
Parallel
Pinnate
19
Plant Parts-Flowers

• Color
• Shape
• Size

20
Plant Parts-Bud and Stem

• Shape and color
• Stem modifications
• thorns
• spines
• prickles

21
Thorns, Spines, Prickles
Thorn
Spine
Prickle
22
Plant Parts-Roots

• Tap
• Fibrous
• Bulb

23
Root Types
Fibrous Roots
Tap Root
24
Plant Parts-Fruit

• Cones
• Nut (acorn)
• Clusters or drupes (raspberry)
• Capsules (willow)
• Samara (maple)

25
Fruits and Nuts
Cones
Acorns
Drupe
26
Fruits and Nuts
Samara
Capsules
27
Use and location

• Not absolute but helpful
• Indoor or outdoor
• Altitude
• Wet or dry
• Zone
• Sun, partial shade, shade
• Landscape purpose-specimen, border, etc.