The Spread of Islam - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Spread of Islam

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The Spread of Islam Rightly Guided The first four successors of Muhammad were called the Rightly Guided Caliphs Caliph Successor All related to Muhammad All ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Spread of Islam


1
The Spread of Islam
2
Rightly Guided
  • The first four successors of Muhammad were called
    the Rightly Guided CaliphsCaliph Successor
  • All related to Muhammad
  • All elected by men
  • Expanded Islam through Arabian Peninsula, into
    the Byzantine Empire and Persian Empire

3
Religious Issues
  • Koran or Quran Holy Book of Muhammads
    teachings
  • Jihad holy struggle
  • Some interpret this as individual struggle to do
    good.
  • Some saw this as the struggle to spread Islam (?
    holy war)
  • Jews and Christians allowed to practice their
    religions People of the Book
  • Polytheists must convert, leave or will be killed.

4
Civil War
  • 656 Caliph Uthman murdered
  • Umayyad family gains Caliphate
  • No relation to Muhammad
  • Moves capital of Government to Damascus

5
Split within Islam
  • Shiia Muslims who believed the Caliph should
    always be a relative of Muhammad
  • Supported theocracy (laws of the land should be
    Islamic law)
  • Opposed the Umayyads
  • Supported the Abbasid Dynasty
  • (10)

6
Sunni Supported Umayyads
  • Believed any good Muslim Man is eligible to be
    Caliph no relation to Muhammad necessary
  • Tend to support separation of Church and state

7
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8
Sufi Muslims
  • Believed people should give up their
    materialistic lifestyles and devote themselves to
    poverty and spiritual study

9
Expansion
  • Abbasid Family takes control of Caliphate in
    750AD moves capital to Baghdad
  • Golden Age
  • Diplomats to set up trade networks to the East
    and North
  • Umayyads flee to Spain
  • Berbers (N. African Muslims) invade Europe to the
    borders of France
  • Settle in Spain

10
Watch the Spread of Islam
11
Abbasid Palace
12
Islamic Emnpires
13
India Mughal Dynasty
14
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15
Ottoman Empire
16
West Africa
17
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18
Maps of Empire
  • www.mapsofwar.com
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