Protists

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Protists

• The Junk Drawer Kingdom

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What is a protist?

• This Kingdom is very diverse!!
• General characteristics
• Eukaryotic Contains a nucleus
• Both Unicellular and Multicellular
• Both Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
• May or may not have a cell wall

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Organizing Diversity

• Protists are organized into three categories
• Plant-Like Protists
• - Also called Algae
• Animal-Like Protists
• - Also called Protozoans
• Fungus-Like Protists

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Animal-Like Protists (Protozoans)

• Cell Structure No Cell Wall
• Unicellular
• Classified Based on how they move and obtain food
  (locomotion)
• Mode of nutrition
• heterotrophs

Separated into 4 Different Phylum
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Phylum Sarcodina - Sarcodines

• Amoeba
• Amoeboid Movement
• Move and eat using pseudopods (False Foot)
• Heterotrophs Use food Vacuole

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Phylum Ciliophora - Ciliates

• Ex. Paramecium and Stentor
• Move and eat using cilia
• Short hairlike projections, similar to flagella
• Mostly freeliving not parasitic

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Phylum Zoomastigina - Zooflagellates

• Ex. Trypanosoma
• Causes African
• Sleeping Sickness
• Trichonympha
• in digestive system
• of termites
• Move using a flagella
• Free living or parasitic

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Phylum Sporozoa - Sporozoans

• Ex. Plasmodium Causes Malaria
• Do not move on
• their own
• Are parasitic

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Plant-Like Protists (Algae)

• Cell Structure All contain chlorophyll and
  Unicellular or Multicellular
• Classified Based on Color
• (Accessory Pigments)
• Mode of Nutrition
• Autotrophs

Separated into 6 Different Phylum
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Phylum Euglenophyta

• 2 Flagella
• No Cell Wall
• Eye Spot to detect light
• Autotrophs, but can be
• Heterotrophs
• when sun is
• not available
• Euglena

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Phylum Pyrrophyta - Dinoflagellates

• ½ Autotrophs and ½ Heterotrophs
• 2 Flagella Can spin
• Can be luminescent fire plants
• Cause of Red Tide-
• Produce neurotoxins
• Kills marine life

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Bioluminescence
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Phylum Bacillariophyta - Diatoms

• Most abundant organisms
• on earth- Golden algae
• Unicellular
• Autotrophs
• Cell Walls of silicon like the
• main ingredient in glass

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Phylum Rhodophyta The Red Algae

• Mostly Multicellular
• Cholorphyll A Red
• Pigment Phycobilins
• Live at Great Depths
• Used in ice cream pudding

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Phylum Phaeophyta The Brown Algae

• Ex. Brown Kelp
• Multicellular
• Contain Chlorophyll A C
• Largest Most Complex Algae
• Up to 60 Meters Long
• Used in fertilizer
• and toothpaste

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Phylum Chlorophyta The Green Algae

• Ancestor to Modern Plants
• Ex. Volvox and Spirogyra
• Contain Chlorophyll A and B
• Cellulose in Cell Wall
• Used in cosmetics, paints,
• and food
• Major Source of fish
• food and oxygen

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Fungus-Like Protists

• Cell structure Unlike true fungus lack chitin in
  their cell wall and have centrioles
• Mode of nutrition Heterotrophs decomposers
• No chitin in their cell wall
• Reproduce by forming spores
• Damp, Moist Environments

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Phylum Acrasiomycota

• Cellular Slime Mold
• No cell wall
• Unicellular but colonize

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Phylum Myxomycota

• Acellular Slime Mold
• Fuse together to become larger structure with
  multiple nuclei

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Phylum Oomycetes

• Water Molds
• Thrive in water
• Cellulose in the cell wall
• Plant parasites on land
• Caused Potato Famine