Protists and Fungi

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Protists and Fungi
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Protist

• Oldest Eukaryotic Cells - 2 Billion Years ago
• Live in a variety of environments water, soil,
  trees
• Shared characteristics of protists
• All eukaryotes
• All do not fit into any of the other kingdoms

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What is a Protist?

• Most diverse kingdom of organisms
• May be unicellular or multicellular
• Microscopic or large (algae)
• Autotrophs or Heterotrophs
• Asexual or Sexual reproduction
• Movement by Flagella, cilia or pseudopodia

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Protist are Classified by

• Animal-Like move consume other organisms
• Plant-Like photosynthetic, algae
• Fungus-Like reproduction is similar to fungus

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What is a Protozoan?

• Protozoa- Animal like protists
• Unicellular heterotrophs
• Feed on other organisms or dead organic matter
• Usually reproduce asexually, some sexually

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What is a Protozoan?

• Amoebas
• Pseudopodia movement feeding
• Radiolarians- Important part of marine food chain
• Flagellates
• Can harm (African sleeping sickness)
• Can help (termites)

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What is a Protozoan?

• Ciliates
• Reproduce asexually (binary fission) sexual
  (conjugation)
• Ex paramecium

Genetically Identical to parent
Genetically different
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What is Algae?

• Algae- Plant like protists
• Can be Uni- or Multicellular
• Photosynthesize
• Pigments make these protists a variety of colors
  and color can be used to classify them.

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What is Algae?

• Algae produce much of the Earths oxygen and are
  the basis of aquatic food chains (like plants are
  for food chains on land).
• No true roots, stems or leaves

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What is Algae?

• Ex
• Photosynthetic unicellular algae are called
  Phytoplankton
• Diatoms
• Dinoflagellates- Can be very harmful
• Population increases cause Red Tides-toxins can
  kill fish humans who eat affected fish.

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Dinoflagellates
Link
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What is Algae?

• Ex
• Green algae
• Volvox live in colonies
• Spirogyra reproduce asexually by fragmentation
• Red algae- seaweeds, can live in deep water
• Brown algae- Kelp

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What are Fungus Like Protists?

• Unlike Fungi, Fungus like protists are able to
  move and do not have chitin in their cell walls.
• Classified by the way they reproduce
• Slime molds sexual
• Reproduction (spores)
• Water Molds and Downy Mildews asexual sexual
  reproduction

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Fungus Kingdom
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What is a Fungus?

• Have chitin in their cell walls
• Most multicellular, some unicellular
• Heterotrophs do not make their
• Own food, they absorb nutrients.

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• Structure
• Hyphae- basic structural unit, threadlike
  filaments that develop from fungal spores
• Mycelium- a network of branched hyphae
• Ex Yeast, molds

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What is a Fungus?

• Negative affects-
• can spoil food,cause diseases, or be poisonous
  (some mushrooms) , allergies to mold spores
• Positive affects
• Decompose large quantities of organic waste

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What is a Fungus?

• Reproduction Sexual Asexual
• Fragmentation- Asexual reproduction where pieces
  of hyphae are broken off and new mycelia grow
• Budding- Asexual reproduction where a new
  individuals pinch off
• Reproducing by spores- Sexual Asexual. A spore
  is a reproductive cell that can develop into a
  new organism.

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Plant Like Protistsvs. Plants

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• Plant-like protists are like plants in many
  fundamental ways.
• They are autotrophs that obtain food from
  sunlight.
• Most Plant like protists can move from place to
  place to hunt their food.
• The main difference between Plants and Plant-like
  protists is that Plant-like protists are always
  Unicellular.

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Fungus-like Protist vs.Fungus

• Fungi-like protists are like Fungi in many
  fundamental ways.
• They are Heterotrophs that obtain food from .
• Most Fungi-like protists can move from place to
  place to hunt their food.
• The main difference between Fungi and Fungi-like
  protists is that Fungi-like protists are all
  motile (move) at some point in their life cycles..

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Animal like Protist vs.Animals
Amoeba

• Animal-like protists are like animals in many
  fundamental ways.
• They are Heterotrophs that must obtain food by
  consuming other organisms.
• Most Animal like protists can move from place to
  place to hunt their food.
• The main difference between Animals and
  Animal-like protists is that Animal-like protists
  are always Unicellular.

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THE END!