TAKS Review

1
TAKS Review

• 8.16a identify the influence of ideas from
  historic documents, including the
• Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights,
• the Mayflower Compact, the Declaration of
  Independence, the Federalist Papers, and
  selected anti-federalist writings on the US
  system of government

2
(8.16a) Magna Carta (1215)

• Taxing Power
• the king was forbidden to introduce most new
  taxes without the permission of a council of
  nobles
• The Constitution provides that the government
  cannot introduce new taxes unless approved by the
  people

• Guarantee of a Trial
• the king could not execute, imprison, or take
  away property without a trial by jury or
  according to the law of the land
• the Bill of Rights provides that the government
  cannot punish a person without due process-
  including right to a trial by jury

3
(8.16a) English Bill of Rights (1689)

• Suspending Laws
• King could not suspend laws without consent of
  Parliament
• Constitution states that laws must be passed by
  the peoples representatives in US Congress

• Taxing Power
• King could not collect taxes without
  Parliamentary approval
• US Constitution states US Congress must approve
  taxes

4
English Bill of Rights (1689)

• Right to Petition
• Guarantees subjects right to petition king to
  correct grievances
• 1st Amendment guarantees the right to petition
  the government

• Standing Army
• King was prohibited from keeping a standing army
  without the consent of Parliament
• Constitution gives Congress the power to raise
  and support an army

5
English Bill of Rights (1689)

• Freedom of Speech
• Members of Parliament had complete freedom of
  speech in parliamentary proceedings
• 1st Amendment gives freedom of speech to all

• Excessive Bail
• Courts were forbidden from setting excessive bail
  or imposing cruel and unusual punishments
• 8th Amendment provides for same

6
English Bill of Rights (1689)

• Right to Own Arms
• All protestant subjects (England is predominantly
  a protestant nation by 1689) were permitted to
  possess arms for their defense
• 2nd Amendment guarantees citizens (regardless of
  religion) the right to bear arms

7
(8.16a) Mayflower Compact (1620)

• Pilgrims agreed to form a representative
  government and abide by its laws
• Mayflower Compact created a model for the rule of
  law, self-government, and majority rule in the
  colonies

8
Declaration of Independence (8.16a)
(1776)

• Stated the main function of government was to
  protect the unalienable rights of its citizens
• Promoted the idea that governments derive their
  just powers from the consent of the governed
• Influenced by John Locke other Enlightenment
  thinkers

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(8.16a) Federalist Papers

• The Federalist Papers helped to secure
  ratification of the Constitution by explaining
  how the new system of government worked
• Republican (elected representatives) form of
  government
• Need for stronger government
• Had 3 branches and powers divided between states
  and federal government
• Protection of minority interests

10
Federalists Anti-federalists (8.16a)

• Who were the leading Federalists?
• James Madison
• Alexander Hamilton
• John Jay

• Who were the leading Anti-federalists?
• Patrick Henry
• George Mason
• John Hancock

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8.16a - Question

• What basic American civil right is described
  in this excerpt from of the Magna Carta?
• Trial by jury
• Freedom of religion
• Freedom of expression
• Protection against unreasonable searches

• Excerpt from the
• Magna Carta, 1215
• No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned, or
  disseised deprived of rights or exiled or in
  any way destroyed, nor will we go upon him or
  send upon him, except by the lawful judgment of
  his peers or by the law of the land. To no one
  will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or
  justice.

Correct answer A
12
8.16a - Question

• Which of the following completes the
  graphic organizer?
• Reasons for creating the Constitution
• Grievances against the king in the Magna Carta
• Reasons for the English Bill of Rights
• Grievances against the king listed in the
  Declaration of Independence

Correct answer D
13
8.16a - Question

• English tradition and the Mayflower Compact
  contributed most significantly to the growth of
  the principles of
• Government under the law and by the consent of
  the governed
• Religious freedom and voting for women
• Checks and balances and separation of powers
• Racial equality and equal treatment under the law

Correct answer A
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• It is the right of the subjects to
  petition the king, and all commitments and
  prosecutions for such petitions are illegal. That
  excessive bail ought not to be required, nor
  excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual
  punishments inflicted.
• __The English Bill of Rights, 1689
• Which historic document provided similar
  guarantees to Americans? (8.16a)
• Declaration of Independence
• Articles of Confederation
• Federalist Papers
• U. S. Bill of Rights

Correct answer D
15

• weakness and divisions at home would invite
  dangers from abroad and that nothing would tend
  more to secure us from them than union, strength,
  and good government within ourselves.
• ___Publius
• Based on the above statement, one could conclude
  that Publius was (8.16a)
• A loyalist
• An Anti-federalist
• A political candidate
• A Federalist

Correct answer D
16
8.16a - Question

A B C D
Correct Answer A
17
8.16a - Question

• Which describes a common impact of the Magna
  Carta and the English Bill of Rights?
• Citizens enjoyed protections against arbitrary
  actions by the government
• Citizens were guaranteed their unalienable rights
• The states held power independent of the federal
  government
• The federal government was superior to the states

Correct answer A
18
8.16a - Question

• that one government and general legislation
  alone, never can extend equal benefits to all
  parts of the United States Different laws,
  customs, and opinions exist in the different
  states, which by a uniform system of laws would
  be unreasonably invaded.
• The person who wrote the excerpt above was
• A Federalist
• An Anti-federalist
• A Republican
• A Democrat

Correct Answer B