Bell Work

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Bell Work
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Objective

• 0807.5.1 Use a simple classification key to
  identify an unknown organism.

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Classification Activity

1. At your lab table there are several pictures of
   animals. Remove all pictures from the folder.
2. With your lab group, categorize these pictures
   according to their characteristics.
3. Your team must make at least three groups (or
   more). Lay the pictures in three separate groups
   on your lab table.
4. Keep the name of each group a secret because when
   we share our groups, we will allow the other
   groups to guess how you categorized the pictures.
   
5. Dont tell your category names when you show the
   picture, wait until the other groups guess.

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• Classification means organizing living things
  into groups based on their similarities.

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• Scientists classify living and extinct organisms
  to make them easier to study.

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• Organisms are classified by shared
  characteristics and their relationships between
  one another.

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• The levels of classification go from very general
  to very specific.

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• Domain Did
• Kingdom King
• Phylum Philip
• Class Come
• Order Over
• Family From
• Genus Great
• Species Spain

The 8 levels Pneumonic device
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• The science of classifying organisms is called
  taxonomy.

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• Taxonomy was founded by Linnaeus in the 1700s.
• He classified things only by their shared
  characteristics.

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• Modern taxonomists also look at evolutionary
  relationships between animals.

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• A branching diagram can show the relationships
  between organisms.

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Group Activity using the Branching Diagram
1. Construct a Branching diagram 2. Use a frog, a
snake, a kangaroo, and a rabbit in your
diagram. 3. Think of one major change before the
frog appeared. 4. For the last 3 organisms,
think of a change that happened between one of
these and the other 2. Write all of these in
your diagram.
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rabbit
kangaroo
snake
Young develop fully inside mother
frog
Fur live birth
Lay eggs on dry land dry skin
Air breathing ability to live on land
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• Organisms that are more closely related are
  closer together on the branching diagram.

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• When living things are classified, they get a
  scientific name.
• The scientific name is the same anywhere in the
  world.

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• The 4 Rules to writing a Scientific Name

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• 1. Scientific names are usually Latin or Greek.

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• 2. The scientific name is always the genus and
  species name together.

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• 3. The Genus is always written first and
  capitalized.
• The species is second and is always lower case.

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• 4. The scientific name is always italicized or
  underlined.
• Ex. Felis domesticus

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• Scientists can use a dichotomous key to identify
  unknown organisms.
• Pg. 52

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• Bacteria are prokaryotic, meaning they do not
  have nuclei.
• All other living things are eukaryotic and have
  nuclei.

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Scientists use 3 Domains.

• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Eukarya

Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
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Scientists use 6 kingdoms.

• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• Protista

• Plantae
• Fungi
• Animalia

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• Domain Archaea
• Kingdom Archaebacteria - live in extreme
  environments (very hot or cold)
• They have been on the earth for about 3 billion
  years.

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• Domain Bacteria
• Most bacteria are in Kingdom Eubacteria.
• They live in many places all over the earth and
  even inside other organisms.

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• Domain Eukarya
• Kingdom Protista -consists of unicellular
  simple multicellular organisms.

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• Protista includes organisms that are not plants,
  animals or fungi

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• Domain Eukarya
• Kingdom Plantae - Plants are usually green make
  food by photosynthesis
• They are complex, multicellular organisms

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• Domain Eukarya
• Kingdom Fungi- absorb food from their
  surroundings.
• Fungi are usually multicellular (except yeast).

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• Domain Eukarya
• Kingdom Animalia
• Most move around and have nervous systems.
  Animals are complex multicellular.

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Five Kingdom Classification
Monera Kingdom Protist Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plant Kingdom Animal Kingdom
Major Traits Single-celled no nucleus Most are single-celled Some make own food some cannot make own food Most are many-celled cannot make own food Single-celled and many-celled make own food cannot move from place to place Many-celled cannot make own food can move from place to place
Examples Bacteria Paramecium amoeba euglena Mushroom mold, yeast Tree, small flowering plant, fern, algae Sponge, insect, clam, fish, bird, snake, human