Transport/Circulatory System

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Transport/Circulatory System

• A. Purpose
• Delivers O2 to cells in exchange for CO2
• Transports nutrients ,hormones, gases wastes
• Aids in fighting disease
• B. Why?
• Oxygen is needed to release energy (ATP)
• C. How?
• Through a pumping mechanism used by heart

http//www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/circula
torysystem/
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D. Pathway of Blood -2 part closed circulatory
system

• 1.Pulmonary Circulation
• (Right Side of )
• Takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs returns
  oxygenated blood back to heart
• 2. Systemic Circulation
• (Left side of )
• Provides oxygenated blood to rest of body

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Evolution of circulatory system
Not everyone has a 4-chambered heart
fish
amphibian
reptiles
birds mammals
2 chamber
3 chamber
3 chamber
4 chamber
V
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
V
V
V
V
V
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E. Pathway
S. VENA CAVA
O2 IN
RIGHT ATRIA
RIGHT VENTRICLE
PULM ARTERY
BOTH LUNGS
PULM. VEIN
I. VENA CAVA
LEFT ATRIA
CO2 OUT
LEFT VENTRICLE
AORTA
BODY
BACK TO VENA CAVA
5
F. Structure of the Heart 4 chambered

• Right side carries O2 poor (deoxygenated) blood
  to lungs
• Left side carries O2 rich (oxygenated) blood to
  the rest of the body
• Analogous to cytoplasm of one celled organisms

A aorta largest arteryB pulmonary arteries (deoxygenated blood)C pulmonary veins (oxygenated blood)D left atrium upper chamber (thin)E valve prevent backflowF left ventricle lower chamber (thick)G right ventricle H valve I  vena cavae J right atrium (areas shaded red have oxygenated blood while those shaded blue have deoxygenated blood)
Left side
Right side
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Diagram of Heart and Blood Flow

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKSbbDnbSEyM
• http//www.ask.com/youtube?qcirculatorysongvide
  oclipvq0s-1MC1hcE

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Figure 37-5 The Three Types of Blood Vessels
BLOOD VESSELS http//www.youtube.com/watch?vCjN
KbL_-cwA
Section 37-1
Vein
Artery
Capillary
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G. Blood Vessels

• Arteries Carry oxygenated blood away from the
  heart high pressure
• 2) Veins Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
  have valves to prevent backflow low pressure
• Capillaries tiny, tiny vessels where gas
  exchange occurs connect arteries to veins

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H. Blood Composition - human body contains 4-6
liters
Part(s) Description Diagram Disease
Plasma (liquid) transporting nutrients and hormones 90 water, 10 other Yellow color
RBC (erythrocytes) Made in bone marrow disk-shaped lack nuclei Carries O2 using hemoglobin (allows RBCs to carry O2 ). Anemia (lack of iron) Sickle cell disease
Platelets cell fragments, not cells Blood clotting Dot-like fragments scattered Hemophilia (blood doesnt clot)
WBC (leukocytes) Functions in the immune system by attacking foreign substances Larger than RBCs Has a nucleus Leukemia (too many abnormal WBCs are produced)
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Leukemia Smear
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
Diseased white blood cell
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Types of WBCs
Copy these notes under chart

• 1.Phagocytes
• Engulfs and destroy bacteria
• 2.Lymphocytes
• Produce antibodies that clump antigens (bacteria)

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Figure 37-7 Blood

• Centrifugation separating the parts of blood
  into layers based on density

Section 37-2
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
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Figure 37-7 Blood
Section 37-2
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
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Figure 37-7 Blood
Section 37-2
Plasma
Platelets
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Whole Blood Sample
Sample Placed in Centrifuge
Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged
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Clotting Process - uses platelets How Does blood
clot http//www.bing.com/videos/search?qclotting
processanimationqsASskAS1FORMQBVRpqclotti
ng20processsc8-16sp2qsASskAS1adltstrict
viewdetailmidBB4338AF0FA5F3276DCDBB4338AF0FA5F
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2. Platelets clump sealing the hole
1. Break in capillary wall
3. Protein fibersbuild the clot
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Heart Disease (Basics 1)

• Video Understanding Heart Disease (Basics 1)
  http//www.bing.com/videos/search?qHEARTDISORDER
  SVIDEOFORMVIRE14adltstrictviewdetailmid8B
  44B4B68E548634E8A58B44B4B68E548634E8A5

Heart disease death rates 1996-2002Adults ages
35 and older
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Women Heart Disease
Death rates for heart disease per 100,000 women,
2002

• Risk factors
• Smoking
• Lack of exercise
• High fat diet
• Overweight

• Heart disease is 3rd leading cause of death among
  women aged 2544 years 2nd leading cause of
  death among women aged 4564 years.

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I. Cardiovascular Homeostatic Disorders

• 1.Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) NARROWING
  OF THE ARTERIES
• 2. Angina pectoris
• pain in the chest which radiates into the left
  shoulder and arm
• occurs especially when physical exertion results
  in a lack of oxygen supply to the heart muscle
• caused by a reduction of blood supply due to
  partial blockage(s) of coronary arteries
• 3. Coronary thrombosis--heart attack
• caused by a blood clot in a coronary artery that
  stops circulation to part of the heart muscle
• attack is fatal if much heart muscle is involved.
• 4. Atherosclerosis build up of plaque in the
  artery wall causing a blockage to the heart

hardening of arteries
normal artery