The new FAIR accelerator complex at GSI:

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• The new FAIR accelerator complex at GSI
• Project, Challenges, First steps
• Ralph C. Bär
• ICALEPCS, 16. October 2007

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Outline of the talk

• Introduction
• The international FAIR facility overview,
  status of the project, timescale
• Major technical challenges for the control system
• Project management issues
• Controls Strategy first steps, present
  activities towards a new cs
• Summary

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GSI at a glance

• GSI is a national research center for heavy ion
  research
• in Darmstadt, Germany
• GSI operates a large, in many aspects worldwide
  unique accelerator facility for heavy ion beams.
• Research program
• nuclear physics (CBM, structure)
• atomic physics
• plasma physics
• material sciences
• biophysics, medical application(cancer
  treatment)

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The international FAIR project
Proposal for a major extension to the GSI
accelerator facilityalready in 2001 FAIR
project Facility for Anti-proton and Ion
Research FAIR baseline technical report April
2006 handed to ISC Accepted as "The
Project" to be realized 2007-2015 with costs
notified
More than 3500 pages ca. 2400 authors
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The FAIR accelerators
SIS 100 SIS 300
UNILAC
SIS 18
rare-isotope production target
ESR
HESR
Existing facility (in blue) provides ion-beam
source and injector for FAIR
SuperFRS
anti-proton production target
FLAIR complex
CR
EAR
New future facility (in red) provides ion and
anti-matter beams of highest-intensity and up to
high energies
NESR
RESR
100 m
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Improvements and special features of FAIR

• Improvements
• primary beam intensities factor 100 1000
• secondary beam intensities for radioactive beams
  up to factor 10 000
• ion beam energy factor 15
• Special features
• intense cooled beams of radioactive beams
• cooled anti-proton beams up to 15 GeV
• in-beam targets for experiments with high
  luminosity
• New technologies
• rapidly cycling superconducting magnets(SIS100
  4 T/s)
• electron cooling with high ion intensities and
  beam energies
• fast stochasting cooling systems in storage rings

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Project Costs and Structure
Germany committed funding of costs up to 75. 25
of funds have to come from non-German partners Pr
oject costs full version 1190 M presently
discussed starting version 940 M
Contributions will be either in cash or
in-kind 94 working packages defined (e.g. cs)
no final decision on work-packages up to now,
awaiting expressions of interest from
partners work-package takers will be fully
responsible for implementation, delivery and
commissioning
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Project Status
Start of the International FAIR Project recent
decision by German Minister Ms. Schavan start
together with all partners that will have
expressed their commitment on FAIR Scope of the
project (_at_project start) decided by ISC tomorrow
(17.10.07) (presently meeting at
GSI) Schedule - building activities start
2008/2009 - first experiments in 2012 (S-FRS) -
completion aimed for 2015
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Major Controls Challenges (1/3)

• Parallel Operation
• important consideration of FAIR is a high degree
  of parallel operation of different research
  programs
• provide maximum integrated beam time or
  luminosity
• up to 5 different research programs may be served
  in parallel
• constraints cyro system load, feedback to power
  grid
• ? sophisticated coordination of the accelerators
  needed (timing, sequencing)

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Major Controls Challenges (2/3)

• High intensity operation / anti-protons
• e.g. SIS100 4x1013 protons / 5x1011 Uranium
  (238U28) per cycle
• special precautions in beam handling needed (low
  loss budget due to dynamic vacuum effects, safe
  settings, pilot beam functionality, procedures to
  safely operate the accelerator chain and to
  prevent damage to the machine)
• Fast cycling superconductive magnets
• first superconductive accelerator built at GSI
• SIS100 is cycling at 4 T/sec
• if anything happens (beam loss, quench) need to
  analyze whathappened (?post mortem analysis)

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Major Controls Challenges (3/3)

• Timing
• all beam transfer in FAIR accelerator chain use
  bunch-to-bucket transfer mechanism
• distributed systems (RF and kickers) need 100 ps
  synchronicity between any two receivers (?bunch
  synchronous timing system required)
• Accelerator Model
• implement accelerator physics model to generate
  settings, tune and trim the machines
• consider cross-talk of machines, persistent
  fields, remanent fields from previous cycles
• Feedback Systems
• beam on target, orbit, tune, ...

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Project management issues
Working package "Controls" The development of the
control system must be geographically based at
the FAIR home institute and must not be a
working-package to be taken by a FAIR partner. ?
controls working package will be an in-kind
contribution of Germany (GSI) ? coordination of
all activities by GSI ? clear definitions of
scope, responsibilities and deliverables
needed Standardization An absolute MUST strict
standardization of Controls and interfaces in
particular towards external collaboration
partners / work-package takers(full support of
FAIR management essential). The GSI Controls
group maintains full authority over collaboration
partners to impose technical controls frameworks
as solution.
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Control System Strategy (1/2)

• The present GSI control system is not adequate
  for the FAIR project. The expected full
  functionality of FAIR demands a substantial
  revision of the present system (performance,
  timing, BD DAQ limits, ...)
• New functions shall not be retrofitted to the
  present system
• ? a new control system has to be elaborated and
  tested on several milestones? build
  substantially on proven principles and solutions
  of the existing system
• The present control system (injectors) cannot be
  replaced (big investment)
• ? will be modernized, obsolete technology
  replaced ? integration of present control system
  (FE, middleware) into the new architecture

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Control System Strategy (2/2)

• No technical solution for the new control system
  can be presented now.
• new architecture shall be designed as a
  decentralized distributed system
• modular design with well defined interfaces
• industrial components / technologies shall be
  used as much as possible
• uniform frameworks (front-end, application layer)
  shall be developed and used to simplify
  development and ease maintenance
• implement and test the new architecture already
  with the present accelerators (deploy new
  architecture as upgrade program later), avoid
  parallel commissioning of the cs and the machines
  wherever possible
• We aim at
• learning from the experience of other
  installations, identify proven solutions and
  building blocks of other systems
• identifying areas of cooperation (FE framework,
  timing, application framework)
• concentrate on specific and missing functionality

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Present Activities

• Control system requirement analysis system
  design study(contract with Cosylab)
• Modernize present system (FE hardware,
  middleware, porting of application software from
  OpenVMS to Linux platform)
• Upgrade programs for present machines UNILAC and
  SIS-18 for higher beam intensities and higher
  repetition rates

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Next Steps / Outlook

• Evaluate other control systems / part of
  systems collaboration with CERN FESA,
  LSA investigate industrial SCADA system of "slow
  controls" (cryo controls, vacuum, HV BD, civil
  construction, ...)
• Interface definitions for devices and sub-systems
  must be worked out for compiling specification
  documents for FAIR partners (work-package takers)
• Start prototyping on the following fields - RT
  equipment control - timing system - application
  layer software (Java)

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Summary

• The international FAIR project is going to be
  started on November 2007.
• A new accelerator control system for FAIR will be
  elaborated and implemented by GSI, integrating
  the present control system.
• The FAIR project is a challenge, both on the
  technical side (machine, control system) as well
  as on the management and the organization.
• On the technical level, the control system is not
  yet defined,wait for ICALEPCS 2009 ?

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Thank you for your attention
FAIR Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
www.gsi.de/FAIR
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