Bell Work 2/10/15

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Bell Work 2/10/15
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Bell Work 2/10/15
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Student Learning Objectives
State Standard SPI 0807.9.12 Identify the
basic properties of acids and bases. Essential
Question How can I determine if a substance is
an acid or a base? (SPI 0807.9.12) TOC 79. Ch
14, sections 2 and 3 Notes 80. Using Litmus
Indicator Lab
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Objectives

• Describe four properties of acids.
• Identify uses of acids.
• Describe four properties of bases.
• Identify uses of bases.

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An Acid is any compound that increases the of
Hydronium ions (H) when dissolved in water.
Acid Properties- tastes sour- reacts w/
metals- conducts electricity- color change
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The (H) atom does not exist alone. It reacts
with H2O to form H3O
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Uses of Acids

• Sulfuric acid is the most widely made industrial
  chemical in the world. It is used to make paper,
  paint, detergents, fertilizers and many other
  products.
• Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers, rubber,
  and plastics.
• Hydrochloric acid is used to make metal from
  their ores by separating the metals from the
  material with which they are combined.

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Uses of Acids

• Hydrochloric acid is used in swimming pools to
  help keep them free of algae. Hydrochloric acid
  is even found in your stomach, where it aids in
  digestion.
• Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are
  found in orange juice.
• Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid help give soft
  drinks a sharp taste.

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A Base is any compound that increases the
Hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
Base Properties- bitter taste- feels
slippery- conducts electricity- color change
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Uses of Bases

• Sodium hydroxide is a base used to make soap and
  paper. It is also used in oven cleaners and
  products that unclog drains.
• Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, is used to make
  cement and plaster.
• Ammonia is found in many household cleaners and
  is used to make fertilizers. Magnesium hydroxide
  and aluminum hydroxide are used in antacids.

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An indicator is a substance that changes color in
the presence of an acid or a base.
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Objectives

• Explain the difference between strong acids and
  bases and weak acids and bases.
• Identify acids and bases by using the pH scale.
• Describe the formation and uses of salts.

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Strengths of Acids and Bases

• Acids and bases can be strong or weak.
• The concentration of an acid or a base is the
  amount of acid or base dissolved in water.
• The strength of an acid or a base depends on the
  number of molecules that break apart when the
  acid or base is dissolved in water.

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Strong Versus Weak Acids

• As an acid dissolves in water, the acids
  molecules break apart and produce hydrogen ions,
  H.
• If all the molecules break apart, the acid is
  called a strong acid. Strong acids include
  sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric
  acid.
• If only a few molecules break apart, the acid is
  a weak acid. Weak acids include acetic acid,
  citric acid, and carbonic acid.

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The pH of a solution is the measure of the H ion
concentration.
The pH scale shows if a solution is an acid, a
base or is neutral.
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pH scale 7 is neutral 7.1 or greater is
base6.9 or less is an acid
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Acids, Bases, and Neutralization

• The reaction between acids and bases is called a
  neutralization reaction.
• Acids and bases neutralize one another because
  the hydrogen ions (H) in an acid and the
  hydroxide ions (OH-) in a base react to form
  water, H2O.
• Other ions from the acid and base dissolve in
  the water. If the water evaporates, these ions
  join to form the compound called a salt.

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Salts

• When an acid neutralizes a base, a salt and water
  are produced. A salt is an ionic compound formed
  from the positive ion of a base and the negative
  ion of an acid.
• Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt,
  is one example of a large group of compounds
  called salts.

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Acids neutralize bases because the H bonds with
the OH- to form H2O
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Using Litmus Indicator Lab
Your group will have 2 minutes at each lab
table. Move to the next table when the timer
goes off.
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Video Clips

• Acids/Bases Song
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vzTLiJE-j1-I
• Cheeseburger in Acid
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vzTLiJE-j1-I

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Exit Ticket
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Exit Ticket