Chapter 7, Key 2 Ethnicities transformed into Nationalities

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Chapter 7, Key 2Ethnicities transformed into
Nationalities
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Key Issue 2

• Why have Ethnicities been transformed into
  Nationalities?

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I Rise of Nationalities

1. Nationality is a group of people who share legal
   attachment and personal allegiance to a
   particular country.
2. USA created a nation out of a collection of
   ethnic groups gathered from Europe, Africa, and
   other parts of the world

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II Nation states

1. Ethnic Groups have become Nationalities because
   they want the right to self rule. The right to
   self rule is called Self-Determination
2. During the 1800s and 1900s political leaders have
   supported ethnicities to divide Earths surface
   into a collection of Nation-States
3. A nation state is a state (or country) whose
   territory corresponds to that occupied by a
   particular ethnicity and has been transformed
   into a nationality
4. The territory rarely corresponds precisely with
   the distribution of ethnicities

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III Nation States in Europe

1. During the 1800s ethnicities in Europe
   transformed themselves into nationalities. The
   French for example brought together the values of
   the French revolution with the cultural traits of
   the French language and other French culture.
2. West Europe was mostly nation-states by 1900 and
   fought over control of portions of Africa and
   Asia. Eastern Europe took until after WWII to
   redraw boundaries based on nation-states
3. Hitlers first reason for his taking over Austria
   and Sudentenland (part of Czechoslovakia at the
   time) was to create a large German speaking
   nation-state

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IV Denmark Example

1. Boarders of Denmark closely correspond with the
   distribution of Danish ethnicity. Danes have a
   strong sense of unity and shared characteristics
   that go back more than 1000 years. Nearly all
   Danes speak Danish, and almost all Danish
   speakers live in Denmark.
2. However the Southern Border with Germany called
   Schleswig-Holstein was taken over by Germany in
   WWI but after the war people voted to become part
   of Denmark but some people in the area still
   speak German
3. Denmark also controls the Faeroe Islands and
   Greenland. In both places the inhabitants speak
   different languages and have a different culture.
   Recently the people of Greenland have been
   allowed to change place names form Danish to
   Inuit (native) names

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V Nationalism

1. Nationalism is loyalty and devotion to a
   nationality. Nationalism promotes the idea that
   the culture, values, and interests of your
   country are superior to those of another.
2. Mass media is an effective way to promote
   Nationalism. Most countries control or regulate
   the media to ensure the promotion of their
   nation.
3. Symbols of nationalism include the flag, songs,
   or anything that can build unity within a state
4. Nationalism can have a negative impact. Many
   times it is achieved through negative images or
   view of another nation-states. How many
   ___________ does it take to screw in a light
   bulb?
5. Nationalism is an example of a Centripetal Force
   which is an attitude that unifies and enhances
   support for a state. Centripetal means directed
   toward the center. It is the opposite of
   Centrifugal which mean to spread out. Stressing
   shared attitudes and values leads to unity

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VI Multinational States (an introduction)

1. A state that contains more than one ethnicity is
   a multi-ethnic state like Belgium. Walloons and
   Flemish both consider themselves Belgian.
2. Multinational states contain two ethnic groups
   that both want self-determination, but agree to
   coexist peacefully by recognizing each different
   nationality.
3. Sometimes this works, other times it does not
   work as well
4. Example of the United Kingdom found on Page 239