The End of the Cold War

1
The End of the Cold War

• Ford, Carter, Reagan

2
Cold War Review

• Who were the Presidents that were involved in the
  Cold War that we have learned about so far?
• Truman
• Eisenhower
• JFK
• LBJ
• Nixon
• Ford
• Carter
• Reagan

3
Cold War Review

• Who were the Soviet Premiers that were involved
  in the Cold War that we have learned about so
  far?
• Stalin
• Khrushchev
• Brezhnev
• Gorbachev

4
Cold War Review

• What was the policy that the United States used
  during the Cold War?
• Containment
• What was the theory that the United States
  believed in that justified the use of
  containment?
• The Domino Theory
• What year did the Cold War begin and when would
  it eventually end?
• 1945 to 1991

5
Who is the only President to gain office without
being elected President or Vice President?

• QUESTION.

6
Gerald Ford
7
Describe why Gerald Ford pardoned President Nixon.

• QUESTION.

8
The Ford Administration

1. The Energy Crisis
2. Dealing with Inflation
3. The Helsinki Accords

9
The Ford Administration

• The Energy Crisis

• Dealing with Inflation

Ford called for ZERO oil imports by 1985.

• The Oil Embargo of 1973 left Ford wanting to
  remove America from the hold of foreign nations
  when it came to fuel.
• Within the next 10 years, my program envisions
  200 major nuclear power plants 250 major new
  coal mines 30 major new oil refineries 20
  major new synthetic fuel plantsand the
  manufacturing and the sale of millions of new
  automobiles, trucks and buses that use much less
  fuel
• During WWII President Franklin D. Roosevelt
  said this country would build 60,000 military
  aircraft They did it then. We can do it now.

10
The Ford Administration

• The Energy Crisis

• This idea would not catch on.
• Instead
• we imported five million barrels a day then. In
  2006, imports will average almost 14 million
  barrels a day. Had we achieved everything Ford
  proposed, the price of oil today would be 20 a
  barrel, not 60, the polar ice caps might not be
  melting, the polar bear might still have a
  chance, and our children would have a future.

11
The Ford Administration

• The Energy Crisis

• Dealing with Inflation

Ford called for ZERO oil imports by
1985. Unfortunately, this would not catch on.

• Ford recognized that inflation was the primary
  issue for Americans the major cause of the poor
  economy.
• His lack of control over wages or pricing allowed
  inflation to continue for the remainder of the
  1970s.

12
The Ford Administration

• The Helsinki Accords

• In 1975
• In a meeting with Leonid Brezhnev other
  European nations
• Agreed to improve human rights
• Increase commerce between the Eastern Western
  blocs
• Legitimized the territories taken by the USSR at
  the end of WWII

13
Election of 1976
Ronald Reagan
Jimmy Carter
Gerald Ford
Jimmy Carter Walter Mondale win
14
The Carter Administration

1. Human Rights
2. Camp David Accords
3. Iranian Hostage Crisis

15
The Carter Administration

• Human Rights

• Camp David Accords

• Weve fought fire with fire, never thinking that
  fire is sometimes best quenched with waterOur
  policy is designed to serve mankind.
• President Jimmy Carter
• Carters main goal was to improve basic human
  rights such as ending
• Torture
• Prolonged detention
• Arbitrary murder
• Hunger poverty
• Carter openly criticized the Soviet Union, for
  failing to follow the Helsinki Accords, as well
  as South Africa, South Korea, Iran, and more.

16
The Carter Administration

• Camp David Accords

• In 1978
• Outcome?
• Israel surrenders land gained during
  Israeli-Egyptian War.
• Egypt recognize Israel as a nation.

Anwar El Sadat Menachem Begin to Camp David.
17
The Carter Administration

• Iranian Hostage Crisis

18
Election of 1980
Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Reagan George H.W. Bush win
19
The Reagan Administration

1. Star Wars
2. Iran-Contra Affair
3. Ending the Cold War

20
The Reagan Administration

• Star Wars

• Iran-Contra Affair

• In 1983 Strategic Defense Initiative was created
  by Ronald Reagan.
• Also known as Star Wars.

• 1985, the shadow of the Reagan Administration.
• Communist Government in Nicaragua
• Iraq v. Iran War

Not this Star Wars...
21
The Reagan Administration

• Ending the Cold War

22
Was Ronald Reagan responsible for the collapse of
the Soviet Union?
The Reagan Administration
Ending the Cold War

• QUESTION.

23
The Reagan Administration

• Ending the Cold War

"Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate... tear down this
wall."