Created by: Emily Sorenson

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Memory and Comprehension Improvement

• Created by Emily Sorenson

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Mnemonics

• An invented, contrived relationship between items
  to be learned.
• When to use it
• When meaning-centered approaches to learning are
  not effective.
• When there is complex information to be learned
  that has no internal organization structure.
• How they work
• External associations Visualization
  Easy to create, store, and retrieve.
• Rhymes, jingles, phrases, invented words.
• Most widely used methods
• -The Method of Loci
• -Use of First-Letter Mnemonics
• -Narrative Chaining
• -Pegword method
• -Chunking

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The Method of Loci

• To use this use The Method Of Loci you establish
  a strong memory of an exact route, pathway, or
  journey.
• Associate the items or part of a story with
  particular objects or locations along the path.
  
• The door by which you leave is a proton.
• The bicycle rack outside the door is a neutron.
• The fire hydrant a the beginning of the sidewalk
  is an atom.
• The group of students you pass is composed of
  molecules.
• The gymnasium is full off organelles.
• The math building is full of organisms.
• The student union is full of happy families.
• The building in which your class meets today is a
  community.
• The classroom, full of eager students, is a
  society.

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Use of First-Letter Mnemonics

• The anchor for the memory in Use of First-Letter
  Mnemonics is the first letter of each item to be
  recalled.
• Never eat soggy waffles.
• Please excuse my dear aunt Sally.

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Narrative Chaining

• Narrative Chaining takes the concepts to be
  learned and weaves them into some sort of
  memorable story. This might incorporate the parts
  of the brain, in order from the front to the
  back.
• Example John got into his car, turned on the
  very large motor, and drove to a restaurant. The
  smells sent him into somatosensory overload, and
  his auditory reaction startled all those within
  visual range.

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Pegword Method

• The Pegword Method is similar to The Method of
  Loci, this method involves visually relating new
  terms and concepts to a series of images already
  stored in long-term memory.
• This method would work best for vocabulary. This
  method allows access to any item learned without
  the necessity of repeating the whole sequence,
  unlike The Method of Loci.
• Once is a bun two is a shoe
• Three is a tree four is a door
• Five is a hive six is sticks
• Seven is heaven eight is a gate
• Nine is wine ten is a hen.

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Good Old Reliable Chunking

• Most useful memory device.
• Chunking is not a mnemonic but it organizes
  information into manageable chunks through
  either internal or external relationships of
  information sets.
• Chunks Sets of interrelated information,
  organized by meanings or positions, which
  facilitate learning and memory.
• We use chunking when information has no intrinsic
  meaning. Unlike Mnemonics, chunking is a terrific
  way to remember sets of information that are
  related by meaning. Chunking reduces the number
  of items the memory must hold, while at the same
  time shoes interrelationships of issues and
  ideas.
• Example
• Alphabet, Phone Numbers, Social Security
  Numbers, Student ID numbers, License Plate
  Numbers
• Example
• Amendment 1 This amendment ensures civil
  liberties freedom of speech, press, and the
  right to petition the government.
• Amendments 2-4 These enumerate issues about
  armies (militia), the right to bear arms no more
  keeping soldiers in your home (quartering) no
  illegal searches and seizures.
• Amendments 5-8 These set up rules for the court
  system.
• Amendments 9 The people retain their rights.
• Amendment 10 Powers not specifically given to
  the federal government go to the states.

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Cited Sources

• Bixby, Mary K. "Chapter 2/ Memory and
  Comprehension Improvement." Learning in College
  I Can Relate. Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice
  Hall, 2000. 51-53. Print.
• VanPatten, Bill, Michael J. Leeser, and Gregory
  D. Keating. Sol Y Viento Beginning Spanish. 2nd
  ed. Vol. 2. Boston McGraw-Hill Higher Education,
  2008. Print.
• Cugel2006. "YouTube - Mnemonic Wizards
  Incredible Feats of Memory." YouTube - Broadcast
  Yourself. 10 Sept. 2007. Web. 29 Nov. 2010.
  lthttp//www.youtube.com/watch?v6vsYCSmBcM0gt.