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Imperialists vs. Anti-Imperialists

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Title: Imperialists vs. Anti-Imperialists


1
Splendid Little WarSpanish American War
  • Imperialists vs. Anti-Imperialists

2
Cuban RebellionFebruary 1895
  • General Weyler The Butcher, 50,000 troops, Jose
    Martí, junta
  • Spanish colonies, reconcentration camps, Civil
    War
  • Cuba rural, Caribbean
  • Protect Spanish empire, quell revolts/rebellion
  • The old, the young, the weak, and the crippled
    NY World Cubans inspired by our glorious
    example of beneficent free institutions and
    successful self-government Over 320,000 Cubans
    died

3
Hearst Purchases the Journal1895
  • Hearst The Journal vs. Pulitzer The World
  • Yellow Journalism - sensational press, biased
    and exploits suffering death
  • New York
  • to sway public and to ? newspaper sales
  • Encouraged American involvement rallies,
    fundraisers, intervention

4
DeLôme Letter published in the JournalFebruary
1898
  • Spanish Minister to the US Dupuy DeLome
  • Personal letter intercepted, referred to McKinley
    as weak and hypocritical
  • Published in The Journal Hearst
  • the worst insult to the United States in its
    history
  • McKinley pressed toward war public supports
    junta

5
USS Maine ExplodesFebruary 1898
  • U.S. Navy yellow journalists
  • U.S. Battleship sent to protect American
    interests in Cuba following revolts exploded
    killing 272 men
  • Havana Harbor, Cuba
  • Remember the Maine to Hell with Spain!
    internal defect
  • Sunk by an act of dirty treachery on the part of
    the Spaniardsno action chocolate éclair T.R.

6
US Declares War on SpainApril 1898
  • President McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt, U.S.
    Congress
  • Declaration of War Teller Amendment US has no
    intentions of annexing Cuba ?
  • Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico
  • Political pressure (press/public) the most
    honorable single war in all history, without
    the slightest though or desire of foreign
    conquest or of national gain. Sen. Hoar
  • vs. European view American-Brit Society for
    International Theft and Warmongeringto snatch
    Cuba from Spain. Kaiser Wilhelm

7
Dewey in the PhilippinesMay 1898
  • Assistant Sec. of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt,
    Admiral Dewey, Aguinaldo
  • Fleet sent by T.R. (before dec. of war) to ensure
    the Spanish squadron does not leave the Asiatic
    coast
  • Manila Bay, Philippines
  • Split/weaken Spanish
  • No Americans died in battle, easy victory!!

8
Roosevelt in CubaJune 1898
  • (former Asst. Sec. of Navy) Theodore Roosevelt
    Rough Riders
  • Charge up Kettle Hill to defeat Spanish forces
  • Kettle Hill near Santiago
  • Colonel Roosevelt sought excitement of battle
    political glory expansion
  • African American troops cleared the hill first
    protected T.R.s flank
  • T.R. became NY Governor

9
Peace TreatyNovember 1898
  • McKinley, Senate, Spain
  • U.S. gained Puerto Rico Guam, paid 20million
    for 7,000 islands of Philippines, Platt Amendment
    declared Cuba as U.S. protectorate
  • Caribbean, S.E. Asia
  • Splendid Little War Sec. State John Hay, Naval
    Victories easy, land war 385 battle deaths, ?
    5,000 disease 4 months long
  • US EmpireSpain epic loss

10
Teller Amendment
Platt Amendment
11
Philippines Annexation
  • Imperialists vs. Anti-Imperialists

12
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13
Philippines War FACTS
  • 1899-1902
  • 126,000 American troops served, 4,234 died, 2,800
    wounded
  • 18,000 Filipinos died in combat, ? 200,000
    Filipino casualties from famine/disease
  • the more you kill and burn, the better you
    please me. General Jacob H. Smith
  • ? Racism
  • Following war Taft appointed Governor
    established gov., courts, hospitals,
    immunization, schoolsetc.
  • Philippines liberated post-WWII

14
The Arguments
And just beyond the Philippines are China's
illimitable markets. We will not retreat from
either. We will not repudiate our duty in the
archipelago. We will not abandon our opportunity
in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in
the mission of our race, trustee, under God, of
the civilization of the world...
And just beyond the Philippines are China's
illimitable markets. We will not retreat from
either. We will not repudiate our duty in the
archipelago. We will not abandon our opportunity
in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in
the mission of our race, trustee, under God, of
the civilization of the world...
  • Pro-Annexation
  • Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the
    best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo
    serve your captives' needTo wait in heavy
    harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your
    new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and
    half-child.
  • The White Mans Burden by Rudyard Kipling
  • And just beyond the Philippines are China's
    illimitable marketsWe will not repudiate our
    duty in the archipelago. We will not abandon our
    opportunity in the Orient. We will not renounce
    our part in the mission of our race, trustee,
    under God, of the civilization of the world..they
    are not capable of self-government Senator
    Albert J. Beveridge
  • Against Annexation
  • extinguish the spirit of 1776 in those islands.
    We deplore the sacrifice of our soldiers and
    sailors, whose bravery deserves admiration even
    in an unjust war. We denounce the slaughter of
    the Filipinos as a needless horror. We protest
    against the extension of American sovereignty by
    Spanish methods
  • -American Anti-Imperialist League
  • whether Congress may conquer and may govern,
    without their consent and against their will, a
    foreign nation, a separate, distinct, and
    numerous people, a territory not hereafter to be
    populated by Americans, to be formed into
    American states and to take its part in
    fulfilling and executing the purposes for which
    the Constitution was framed
  • -Senator George Hoar

15
The Arguments
  • Pro-Annexation
  • I hope and believe that we shall retain the
    islands, and that, peace and order once restored,
    we shall and should reestablish civil
    government.... We should give them honest
    administration, and prompt and efficient courts.
    We should see to it that there is entire
    protection to persons and propertyAll men should
    be protected in the free exercise of their
    religion, and the doors thrown open to
    missionaries of all Christian sectswe should, as
    rapidly as conditions permit, bestow upon them
    self-government and home rule
  • -Senator Henry Cabot Lodge
  • Against Annexation
  • They were fighting for their freedom against
    Spanish tyranny two years ago, and they continued
    to fight up to the time when Aguinaldo left the
    islands and went to Singapore they continued to
    fight, as our own consul said, after he left
    they never did cease, some of them there never
    was peace and now the question which addresses
    itself to every American who loves his flag and
    loves his great country and loves the great
    principle upon which that flag rests and that
    country is founded is this Are we to take the
    place of Spain as their taskmasters and
    oppressors? Do governments derive their powers
    from the consent of the governed?-Senator
    Benjamin Tillman

16
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17
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18
Do you agree with the Presidents decision below?
Explain.
  • There was nothing left for us to do but to take
    them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and to
    uplift and civilize and Christianize them, and by
    God's grace to do the very best we could by them
    as our fellow men for whom Christ also died
  • -President William McKinley
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