Fathers of Psychology

1
Fathers of Psychology
Wilhelm Wundt 1832-1920 Physiologist
Sigmund Freud 1856-1939 Psychologist
John Watson 1878-1958 Psychologist
BF Skinner 1904-1990 Psychologist
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Structure of MindFreud's Id, Ego, Superego
3
Psychodynamic Psychology

• How well do we know ourselves?
• The unconscious mind
• How do our parents shape us?
• Developmental influences
• What do our dreams mean?
• Symbolism in behaviour experience

4
Have you heard of Freud???

• Psychoanalysis.....
• Freud is best known for his theories of the
  unconscious mind and the defence mechanism of
  repression and for creating the clinical practice
  of psychoanalysis for curing psychopathology
  through dialogue between a patient and a
  psychoanalyst.

5
Have you heard of Freud???

• Freud is also renowned for
• his redefinition of sexual desire
• as the primary motivational
• energy of human life, as well
• as his therapeutic techniques,
• including the use of free
• association, his theory of
• transference in the therapeutic relationship,
  and the interpretation of dreams as sources of
  insight into unconscious desires.

6
Sigmund Freud

• When you tell people that you are studying
  psychology, you may have people saying things to
  you like.
• Oh you can read my mind then!
• I had a funny dream last night, can you tell me
  what it means?
• So can you hypnotise me?
• So lets have a look at where some of all that
  comes from
• Freud

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The Unconscious
Thoughts Perceptions Memories Stored
knowledge Fears Unacceptable sexual
desires Violent motives Irrational wishes Immoral
urges Selfish needs Shameful experiences Traumatic
experiences
The conscious. The small amount of mental
activity we know about.
The preconscious. Things we could be aware of if
we wanted or tried.
The unconscious. Things we are unaware of and
can not become aware of.
Bad Worse Really Bad
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Motives

• Latent motives the unconscious forces that
  drive our behaviour
• Manifest motives the lies we tell ourselves to
  protect us from the truth

9
The Psyche (Personality)Freud believes our
personality's are made of three elements
Superego Morality
Id Instincts
Ego Reality
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Healthy Psyche
OK Guys Im in charge. Anything you want has
to go through me.
OK.
OK.
Ego
Id
Superego
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Neurotic
Listen up! Im in charge, and you are not here
to enjoy yourselves. Get ready for a double-size
portion of anxiety with a side order of guilt!
No fun.
gtwhimperlt
Superego
Id
Ego
12
Psychotic
Sex! Food! Drink! Drugs! NOW!
Who turned out the lights?
Id
www.psychlotron.org.uk
Ego
Superego
13
Psychopathic
OK. First, gimme food. Then I want sex lots
of it and I dont particularly care whether its
with a willing partner. Then I want to hurt
people. Badly. Probably be hungry again after
that so
OK then. Lets go.
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Freud's Psychosexual Stages

• Ridiculous video that explains it!

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Oral stage 0-1

• Mouth
• Lips
• Tongue
• Sucking
• Biting
• First erotogenic zone to make libidinous demands
  (lustful desires)

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Anal stage 1-3

• Membranes of rectum anus
• Faecal mass inside body
• Release
• expulsion

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Phallic stage 3-5

• Penis/clitoris
• Emotional crisis
• Oedipus Complex
• Critical stage for moral development

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Phew.

• Latency Period (a bit of a break)
• Genital stage - puberty

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Oedipus Complex

• Crucial stage
• Consolidation of gender identity
• Formation of super-ego
• Mother/Father fixation
• Weak moral sense

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Boys

• Wants to be like his Dad
• Fantasises killing Father
• Castration anxiety
• Identifies with Father
• Introjects Fathers attributes
• Formation of gender role, super-ego gender
  identity

21
Girls

• Penis envy
• Sense of inferiority
• Blames Mother
• Poor resolution of Oedipal complex
• Poorly developed super-ego and weak moral sense

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Your task....

• ...is to create something that represents
• Id
• Ego
• Superego
• ...using play-doh....these can be anything you
  like!
• My example would be
• Id Lots of money!!
• Ego Balancing scales
• Superego - halo