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:The Middle Ages

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Christian Crusades: East and West Medieval Universities Oxford University Late Medieval Town Dwellings Medieval Trade Medieval Guilds Guild Hall Commercial Monopoly ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: :The Middle Ages


1
The Middle Ages
2
Periodization
Early Middle Ages 500 1000 High Middle Ages
1000 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500
3
Europe in the 6c
4
The Medieval Catholic Church
  • filled the power vacuum left from the
    collapse of the classical world.
  • monasticism
  • St. Benedict Benedictine Rule of poverty,
    chastity, and obedience.
  • provided schools for the children of the upper
    class.
  • inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.
  • libraries scriptoria to copy books and
    illuminate manuscripts.
  • monks ? missionaries to the barbarians. St.
    Patrick, St. Boniface

5
The Power of the Medieval Church
  • bishops and abbots played a large part in the
    feudal system.
  • the church controlled about 1/3 of the land
    in Western Europe.
  • tried to curb feudal warfare ? only 40 days a
    year for combat.
  • curb heresies ? crusades Inquisition
  • tithe ? 1/10 tax on your assets given to the
    church.
  • Peters Pence ? 1 penny per person paid by
    the peasants.

6
A Medieval Monks Day
7
A Medieval Monastery The Scriptorium
8
Illuminated Manuscripts
9
Romanesque Architectural Style
  • Rounded Arches.
  • Barrel vaults.
  • Thick walls.
  • Darker, simplistic interiors.
  • Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

10
Charlemagne 742 to 814
11
Charlemagnes Empire
12
Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor Dec.
25, 800
13
The Carolingian Renaissance
14
Carolingian Miniscule
15
The Rise of European Monarchies
England
16
Charlemagnes Empire CollapsesTreaty of Verdun,
843
17
Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on
loyalty and military service.
18
Carcassonne A Medieval Castle
19
Parts of a Medieval Castle
20
The Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT SQUIRE PAGE
21
Chivalry A Code of Honor and Behavior
22
The Medieval Manor
23
Life on the Medieval Manor
Serfs at work
24
The "Renaissance" of the 12c
25
William the ConquerorBattle of Hastings,
1066(Bayeaux Tapestry)
26
Evolution of Englands Political System
  • Henry I
  • Williams son.
  • set up a court system.
  • Exchequer ? dept. of royal finances.
  • Henry II
  • established the principle of common law
    throughout the kingdom.
  • grand jury.
  • trial by jury.

27
Evolution of Englands Political System
  • Henry I
  • Williams son.
  • set up a court system.
  • Exchequer ? dept. of royal finances.
  • Henry II
  • established the principle of common law
    throughout the kingdom.
  • grand jury.
  • trial by jury.

28
Magna Carta, 1215
  • King John I
  • Runnymeade
  • Great Charter
  • monarchs were not above the law.
  • kings had to consult a council of
    advisors.
  • kings could not tax arbitrarily.

29
The Beginnings of the British Parliament
  • Great Council
  • middle class merchants, townspeople burgesses
    in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr., burghers in Ger.
    were added at the end of the 13c.
  • eventually called Parliament.
  • by 1400, two chambers evolved
  • House of Lords ? nobles clergy.
  • House of Commons ? knights and burgesses.

30
The Rise of European Monarchies
France
31
Gothic Architectural Style
  • Pointed arches.
  • High, narrow vaults.
  • Thinner walls.
  • Flying buttresses.
  • Elaborate, ornate, airier interiors.
  • Stained-glass windows.

Flying Buttresses
32
Pope Urban II Preaching a Crusade
33
Setting Out on Crusade
34
Christian Crusades East and West
35
Medieval Universities
36
Oxford University
37
Late Medieval Town Dwellings
38
Medieval Trade
39
Medieval Guilds
Guild Hall
  • Commercial Monopoly
  • Controlled membership apprentice ? journeyman
    ? master craftsman
  • Controlled quality of the product masterpiece.
  • Controlled prices

40
Medieval Guilds A Goldsmiths Shop
41
Crest of a Coopers Guild
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